Abstract
Because upper managers have the responsibility to set the corporate entrepreneurship agenda, their entrepreneurial characteristics matter to a firm's successful implementation of corporate entrepreneurship. This study investigated influences on the idea creation, risk taking, and proactiveness perceptions of upper managers in a random sample of 105 Thai manufacturing firms. Results indicate that these managers' idea generation was influenced by the type of product produced, the size of the company, and the extent of firm support for individual entrepreneurship. Managerial risk taking was associated with firm size and extent of support for personal entrepreneurship. Managerial proactiveness as associated only with the scope of firms' competition, firm size, organizational entrepreneurial climate and support for personal entrepreneurship. Results suggest that firm context can influence the basis for corporate entrepreneurship.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Antoncic, B., & Hisrich, R. D. (2001). Intrapreneurship: Construct refinement and cross-cultural validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 495–527.
Antoncic, B., & Hisrich, R. D. (2003). Privatization, corporate entrepreneurship, and performance: Testing a normative model. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 8(3), 197–218.
Barringer, B. R., & Bluedorn, A. C. (1999). The relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 20, 421–444.
Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skills, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587–598.
Birkinshaw, J. (1999). The determinants and consequences of subsidiary initiative in multinational corporations. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practices, 24(1), 9–35.
Brazeal, D., & Herbert, T. (1999). The genesis of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practices, 23(3), 29–45.
Brown, T. E., Davidsson, P., & Wiklund, J. (2001). An operationalization of Stevenson’s conceptualization of entrepreneurship as opportunity-based behavior. Strategic Management Journal, 22, 953–968.
Burgelman, R. A. (1983). Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management: insights from a process study. Management Science, 29, 1349–1364.
Burgelman, R. A. (1984). Managing the corporate venturing process. Sloan Management Review, 25(2), 33–48.
Burgelman, R. A. (1991). Intraorganizational ecology of strategy making and organizational adaptation: theory and field research. Organization Science, 2(3), 239–262.
Chandler, G., Keller, C., & Lyon, D. (2000). Unraveling the determinants and consequences of an innovation–supportive organizational culture. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25, 59–76.
Chittipeddi, K., & Wallett, T. A. (1991). Entrepreneurship and competitive strategy for the 1990's. Journal of Small Business Management, 29(1), 94–98.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7–25.
Covin, J. G., & Miles, M. P. (1999). Corporate entrepreneurship and the pursuit of competitive advantage. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 23(3), 47–63.
Damanpour, F. (1988). Innovation type, radicalness, and the adoption process. Communication Research, 15(5), 545–567.
Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: a meta-analysis of effects of determinant and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 355–390.
Dess, G. G., Lumpkin, G. T., & McFarlin, D. (2005). The role of entrepreneurial orientation in stimulating effective corporate entrepreneurship. Academy of Management Executive, 19(1), 147–156.
Drucker, P. F. (2002). The discipline of innovation. Harvard Business Review, 80, 95–102.
Franko, L. G. (1989). Global corporate competition: Who’s winning, who’s losing, and the R&D factor as one reason why. Strategic Management Journal, 10(5), 449–474.
Gartner, W. B. (1988). Who is the entrepreneur? is the wrong question. American Journal of Small Business, 12(4), 11–32.
Ghoshal, S., & Bartlett, C. A. (1999). Building the entrepreneurial corporation. In: Handbook of Management. pp. 39–63. London: Financial Times.
Gupta, A. K., & Govindarajan, V. (2001). Converting global presence into global competitive advantage. Academy of Management Executive, 15(2), 45–58.
Guth, W. D., & Ginsberg, A. (1990). Guest editor’s introduction: corporate entrepreneurship. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 5–15.
Hamel, G., & Prahalad, C. K. (1993). Strategy as stretch and leverage. Harvard Business Review, 71, 75–84 March-April.
Hayes, R. H., & Abernathy, W. J. (1980). Managing our way to economic decline. Harvard Business Review, 58, 67–77.
Herbert, T. T. & Brazeal, D. V. (1999). Entrepreneuralizing the organization: Archetypes of commitment to corporate entrepreneurship and implications for strategic entrepreneurship. The Proceedings for the 44th Annual ICSB Conference.
Hisrich, R. D., & Peters, M. P. (1984). Internal venturing in large corporations. In J.A. Hornaday, et al. (Ed.), Frontiers of entrepreneurship research (pp. 321–346). Wellesley, MA: Babson College.
Hisrich, R. D., & Peters, M. P. (1986). Establishing a new business venture unit within a firm. Journal of Business Venturing, 1, 307–322.
Hitt, M. A., Ireland, D., Camp, M., & Sexton, D. (2001). Strategic entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial strategies for wealth creation. Strategic Management Journal, 22, 479–491.
Hodgkinson, G. P., & Wright, G. (2002). Confronting strategic inertia in a top management team: Learning from failure. Organization Studies, 23(6), 949–977.
Hornsby, J. S., Naffziger, D. W., Kuratko, D. F., & Montagno, R. V. (1993). An interactive model of the corporate entrepreneurship process. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17(2), 29–37.
Hornsby, J. S., Kuratko, D. F., & Montagno, R. V. (1999). Perception of internal factors for corporate entrepreneurship: a comparison of Canadian and U.S. managers. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 24(2), 9–25.
Hurley, R. F., & Hult, G. T. M. (1998). Innovation, market orientation, and organizational learning: An integration and empirical examination. Journal of Marketing, 62(3), 42–54.
Huse, M., Neubaum, D., & Gabrielsson, J. (2005). Corporate innovation and competitive environment. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1, 313–333.
Jennings, D. F. (1994). Multiple perspectives of entrepreneurship. Ohio: South Western Publishing.
Kathuria, R., & Joshi, M. (2007). Environmental influences on corporate entrepreneurship: Executive perspectives on the internet. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3, 127–144.
Kaufmann, A., Tödtling, F, & , . (2002). How effective is innovation support for SMEs? An analysis of the region of upper Austria. Technovation, 22(3), 147–159.
Kemelgor, B. H. (2002). A comparative analysis of corporate entrepreneurial orientation between selected firms in the Netherlands and the USA. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 14, 67–87.
Kittiprapas, S. (2000). Causes of the recent Asian economic crisis: the case of Thailand. Bangkok, Thailand: Thailand Development Research Institute.
Kuratko, D. F., & Hodgetts, R. M. (1998). Entrepreneurship: a contemporary approach (4th ed.). USA: The Dryden, Harcourt Brace College Publishers.
Kuratko, D. F., Montagno, R. V., & Hornsby, J. S. (1990). Developing an intrapreneurial assessment instrument for an effective corporate entrepreneurial environment. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 49–58.
Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., & Bishop, J. (2005). Managers’ corporate entrepreneurial actions and job satisfaction. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1, 275–291.
Lengnick-Hall, C. (1988). How to achieve efficiency and innovation. Organization Development Journal, 6(2), 67–74.
Liebcap, C. M. (1986). A theory of individual creative action in multiple social domains. Academy of Management Review, 21(4), 1112–1142.
Looney, R. (2004). Thaksinomics: a new Asian paradigm? Journal of Social, Political & Economic Studies, 29(1), 65–85.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. C. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21, 135–172.
MacMillan, I. C., Block, Z., & Narasimha, P. N. S. (1986). Corporate venturing: alternatives, obstacles encountered, and experience effects. Journal of Business Venturing, 1, 177–191.
Mahin, P. (1991). Business-To-Business Marketing: Strategic Resource Management And Cases. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
McCarthy, E. J., & Perreault, W. (1987). Basic marketing: A managerial approach (9th ed.). Homewood, IL: Irwin.
McClelland, D. C. (1967). The Achieving Society. New York, NY: The Free.
Merrifield, D. B. (1993). Intrapreneurial corporate renewal. Journal of Business Venturing, 8(5), 383–389.
Michie, J., & Padayachee, V. (1997). The political economy of South Africa's transition. San Diego, CA: Harcourt, Brace & Co.
Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770–791.
Miller, D., & Friesen, P. H. (1982). Innovation in cconservative and entrepreneurial firms: two models of strategic momentum. Strategic Management Journal, 1, 1–25.
Mintzberg, H. (1987). The strategy concept I: Five Ps for strategy. California Management Review, 29(Fall), 44–57.
Morris, M. H., & Kuratko, D. F. (2002). Corporate entrepreneurship. New York: Harcourt College Publishers.
Nielsen, R. P., Peters, M. P., & Hisrich, R. D. (1985). Intrapreneurship strategy for internal markets. Strategic Management Journal, 6, 181–189.
Oliver, R. L., & Anderson, E. (1995). Behavior—and outcome-based sales control systems: evidence and consequences of pure-form and hybrid governance. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 15, 1–15.
Parsons, A. J. (1992). Building innovativeness in large U.S. corporations. The Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 7(4), 33–39.
Pearce, J. A., Kramer, T. R., & Robbins, D. K. (1997). Effects of managers entrepreneurial behavior on subordinates. Journal of Business Venturing, 12, 147–160.
Peter, J., & Donnelly, J. (1986). Marketing management: Knowledge and skills. Plano, TX: Business Publications, Inc.
Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. (1978). The external control of organizations. New York: Harper & Row.
Phagaphasvivat, S. (2003). Entrepreneurship in Thailand. Presented at the Global Forum–Entrepreneurship in Asia: 4th U.S.-Japan Dialogue. April 16. Available from the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation.
Pinchot, G. (1985). Intrapreneurship: Why you don’t have to leave the corporation to become an entrepreneur. New York: Harper & Row.
Porter, M. E. (1985). Competitive advantage. New York: The Free.
Prokopenko, J., & Pavlin, I. (1991). Entrepreneurship development in public enterprises. Management Development Series No. 29. Geneva: International Labour Office.
Quinn, J. B. (1985). Managing innovation: controlled chaos. Harvard Business Review, 63, 73–84.
Rydz, J. (1986). Managing innovation. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Co.
Sadler, R. J. (2000). Corporate entrepreneurship in the public sector: the dance of the chameleon. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 59(2), 25–43.
Saxena, R. K. (1991). Intrapreneurship-entrepreneurial climate in the corporate world. Singapore: Proceedings of the ENDEC World Conference on Entrepreneurship and Innovative Change, NTU-Peat Marwick Entrepreneurship Development Centre. pp. 650–655.
Schollhammer, H. (1982). Internal corporate entrepreneurship. In C. Kent, D. Sexton, & K. Vesper (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Sciascia, S., Naldi, L., & Hunter, E. (2006). Market orientation as determinant of entrepreneurship: An empirical investigation on SMEs. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2, 21–38.
Sebora, T. C., Hartman, E. A., & Tower, C. B. (1994). Innovative activity in small businesses: Competitive context and organization level. Journal of Engineering Technology Management, 11(3/4), 253–272.
Simsek, Z., Veiga, J. F., Lubatkin, M. H., & Dino, R. N. (2005). Modeling the multilevel determinants of top management team behavioral integration. Academy of Management Journal, 48(1), 69–84.
Stevenson, H. H., & Jarillo, J. C. (1990). A paradigm of entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial management. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 17–27.
Van de Ven, A. H. (1988). Central problems in the management of innovation. In M. L. Tushman, & W. L. Moore (Eds.), Readings in the management of innovation (pp. 103–122). Boston, MA: Ballinger.
Van der Panne, G., Van Beers, C., & Kleinknecht, A. (2003). Success and failure of innovation: a literature review. International Journal of Innovation Management, 7(3), 309–339.
von Hippel, E. (1978). Users as innovators. Technology Review, 80, 3–11.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: Wiley.
Wakkee, I., Elfring, T., & Monaghan, S. (2008). Creating entrepreneurial employees in traditional service sectors The role of coaching and self-efficacy. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, in press.
Webster, F. Jr. (1978). Industrial Marketing Strategy. New York: John Wiley.
Webster, F. Jr. & Wind, Y. (1972). A general model for understanding organizational buying behavior. Journal of Marketing, 36, 12–19.
Williamson, O. (1964). Corporate control and business behavior: Managerial objectives in a theory of the firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Wind, Y., & Thomas, R. (1980). Conceptual and methodological issues in organizational buying behavior. European Journal of Marketing, 14(5/6), 239–263.
Zahra, S. A. (1991). Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship: an exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(4), 259–285.
Zahra, S. A. (1993). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior: a critique and extension. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 17(4), 5–21.
Zahra, S. A. (1995). Corporate entrepreneurship and financial performance: the case of management leveraged buyouts. Journal of Business Venturing, 10(4), 225–247.
Zahra, S. A., & Covin, J. G. (1995). Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship performance relationship: a longitudinal analysis. Journal of Business Venturing, 10(1), 43–58.
Zahra, S. A., Jennings, D. F., & Kuratko, D. F. (1999). "The antecedents and consequences of firm-level entrepreneurship: the state of the field". Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 24(2), 45–65.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Appendix
Appendix
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sebora, T.C., Theerapatvong, T. Corporate entrepreneurship: a test of external and internal influences on managers’ idea generation, risk taking, and proactiveness. Int Entrep Manag J 6, 331–350 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-009-0108-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-009-0108-5