Table 2 Efficacy of the placebo and three NMN treated groups, comparisons of treatment over baseline within the same group

Baseline

Day 30

Day 60

p1^c

p2^c

Baseline

Day 30

Day 60

p1^c

p2^c

NAD(nM)^a,e

8.11 ± 5.16

9.83 ± 8.43

11.8 ± 9.4

0.44

0.14

11.8 ± 11.7

29.8 ± 20.1

32.6 ± 17.9

0.001

< 0.001

Six-minute walking(m)^a

325 ± 144

310 ± 125

330 ± 117

0.73

0.90

307 ± 108

350 ± 115

380 ± 144

0.23

0.079

Blood biological age(year)^a

39.8 ± 7.2

---

45.4 ± 8.2

---

0.029

42.2 ± 6.0

---

43.7 ± 6.7

---

0.46

HOMA-IR(ratio)^b

1.41 ± 0.79

---

2.09 ± 1.40

---

0.048

2.28 ± 1.43

---

2.28 ± 1.42

---

0.97

SF-36(score)^a

122 ± 14

127 ± 12

128 ± 13

0.2

0.12

124 ± 13

131 ± 12

137 ± 12

0.058

0.003

Baseline

Day 30

Day 60

p1^c

p2^c

Baseline

Day 30

Day 60

p1^c

p2^c

NAD(nM)^a,e

7.95 ± 3.29

39.0 ± 12.6

45.3 ± 11.8

< 0.001

< 0.001

10.5 ± 6.8

43.1 ± 14.3

48.5 ± 19.8

< 0.001

< 0.001

Six-minute walking(m)^a

290 ± 92

400 ± 86

435 ± 104

< 0.001

< 0.001

323 ± 113

425 ± 141

480 ± 128

0.016

< 0.001

Blood biological age(year)^a

45.2 ± 6.5

---

44.1 ± 6.4

---

0.57

44.3 ± 7.3

---

45.3 ± 5.9

---

0.64

HOMA-IR(ratio)^b

1.70 ± 1.05

---

2.14 ± 1.02

---

0.037

2.01 ± 1.26

---

2.67 ± 1.31

---

0.006

SF-36(score)^a

118 ± 16

129 ± 12

136 ± 12

0.015

< 0.001

122 ± 17

136 ± 12

140 ± 11

0.005

< 0.001