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Mitochondria and oxidative stress in heart aging

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Abstract

As average lifespan of humans increases in western countries, cardiac diseases become the first cause of death. Aging is among the most important risk factors that increase susceptibility for developing cardiovascular diseases. The heart has very aerobic metabolism, and is highly dependent on mitochondrial function, since mitochondria generate more than 90 % of the intracellular ATP consumed by cardiomyocytes. In the last few decades, several investigations have supported the relevance of mitochondria and oxidative stress both in heart aging and in the development of cardiac diseases such as heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In the current review, we compile different studies corroborating this role. Increased mitochondria DNA instability, impaired bioenergetic efficiency, enhanced apoptosis, and inflammation processes are some of the events related to mitochondria that occur in aging heart, leading to reduced cellular survival and cardiac dysfunction. Knowing the mitochondrial mechanisms involved in the aging process will provide a better understanding of them and allow finding approaches to more efficiently improve this process.

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Both authors contributed equally to this paper.

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  1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Beatriz Martín-Fernández & Ricardo Gredilla

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  1. Beatriz Martín-Fernández
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  2. Ricardo Gredilla
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Correspondence to Beatriz Martín-Fernández or Ricardo Gredilla.

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Grant from the Complutense University/Community of Madrid to RG (CCG10-UCM/SAL 4798).

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Martín-Fernández, B., Gredilla, R. Mitochondria and oxidative stress in heart aging. AGE 38, 225–238 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-016-9933-y

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