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Specific saccade deficits in patients with Alzheimer’s disease at mild to moderate stage and in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

AGE volume 35, pages 1287–1298 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Saccadic impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was found in horizontal saccades. The present study extends investigation to vertical saccades in a large number of subjects, including AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). We examined both horizontal and vertical saccades in 30 healthy elderly, 18 aMCI, and 25 AD. Two tasks were used: gap (fixation target extinguishes prior to target onset) and overlap (fixation stays on after target onset). Eye movements were recorded with the Eyeseecam system. (1) Robust gap effect (shorter latencies in gap than in overlap) exists for AD and aMCI patients as for healthy elderly; (2) abnormal long latency of saccades in gap and overlap tasks for AD relative to healthy elderly and aMCI patients; (3) longer latency for aMCI patients than for healthy elderly for the overlap task; (4) significant correlation between scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and latencies of saccades considering the AD group only; (5) higher coefficient of variation in latency for AD patients than for healthy elderly and for aMCI patients; (6) variability of accuracy and speed is abnormally higher in AD patients than in aMCI and healthy elderly. Abnormalities of latency and latency–accuracy–speed variability reflect deficits of cerebral areas involved in the triggering and execution of saccades; latency of saccades can be used as follow-up test for aMCI and AD patients with its significant correlation with the changes of MMSE scores.

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Acknowledgments

Experimental design and methods were conceived and developed by the IRIS group (Z Kapoula); support by the PICS CNRS (no: 4197). Case recruitment was supported by grant from China Ministry of Science and Technology (no: 2009BAI77B03).

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Affiliations

  1. IRIS group, UMR 8194, CNRS, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, University Paris V, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France

    Qing Yang & Zoi Kapoula

  2. Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center,, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China

    Tao Wang, Ning Su & Shifu Xiao

Authors
  1. Qing Yang
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  2. Tao Wang
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  3. Ning Su
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  4. Shifu Xiao
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  5. Zoi Kapoula
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Correspondence to Qing Yang, Shifu Xiao or Zoi Kapoula.

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Yang, Q., Wang, T., Su, N. et al. Specific saccade deficits in patients with Alzheimer’s disease at mild to moderate stage and in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. AGE 35, 1287–1298 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-012-9420-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-012-9420-z

Keywords

  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • aMCI
  • Saccades
  • Gap
  • Overlap
  • Variability