Abstract
Contamination of soil and water with petroleum hydrocarbons and metals can pose a significant threat to the environment and human health. This study aimed to investigate the establishment and growth of tall fescue and agropyron in two petroleum-contaminated soils (soil S1 and soil S2) with previous landfarming treatments, and to assess the phytoremediation potential for heavy metal removal from these polluted soils. The results showed that the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plant growth, but plant development was facilitated in soils with prior landfarming treatments. Urease activity in the rhizosphere of agropyron for soil S1 was about 47% higher than the unplanted control soil. The rhizosphere of agropyron and tall fescue eliminated more than 40% and 20% of total hydrocarbon amounts in soil S1, respectively, compared to the unplanted soil. Moreover, the plants grown in the landfarming treatment exhibited higher concentrations of metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Ni) than the control. Based on the findings, the combination of landfarming and phytoremediation techniques can provide an optimal solution for removing mixed pollutants, including petroleum hydrocarbons and metals, from the environment.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request (mfadaei@nri.ac.ir).
Notes
Analytical chemistry method for determining total nitrogen.
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Both authors (Mohamad Reza Fadaei Tehrani and Ali Asghar Besalatpour) contributed to the study conception and design of the research as well as field and laboratory analysis. Both authors were also involved in writing the manuscript and have read, commented, and approved the final manuscript.
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Tehrani, M.R.F., Besalatpour, A.A. A combined landfarming-phytoremediation method to enhance remediation of mixed persistent contaminants. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33606-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33606-1