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MXene-supported MIL-88A(Fe) as persulfate activator for removal of tetracycline

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Abstract

The poor conductivity, poor stability, and agglomeration of iron-based metal organic framework MIL-88A(Fe) limit its application as persulfate (PS) activator in water purification. Herein, MXene-supported MIL-88A(Fe) composites (M88A/MX) were synthesized to enhance its adsorption and catalytic capability for tetracycline (TC) removal. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize prepared materials, confirming the successful attachment of MIL-88A(Fe) to the surface of MXene. M88A/MX-0.2 composites, prepared with 0.2 g MXene addition, exhibit optimal degradation efficiency, reaching 98% under conditions of 0.2 g/L M88A/MX-0.2, 1.0 mM PS, 20 ppm TC, and pH 5. The degradation rate constants of M88A/MX-0.2 were 0.03217 min−1, which was much higher than that of MIL-88A(Fe) (0.00159 min−1) and MXene (0.00626 min−1). The removal effects of reaction parameters, such as dosage of M88A/MX-0.2 and PS; initial solution pH; and the presence of the common co-existing constituents (humic acid and the inorganic anions) were investigated in detail. Additionally, the reuse of M88A/MX-0.2 showed that the composites had good cycling stability by recurrent experiments. The results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and quenching experiments indicated that ·OH, ·SO4−, and ·O2− were involved in the M88A/MX-0.2/PS system where persulfate oxidation process was activated with prepared M88A/MX-0.2. In addition, the intermediates of photocatalytic degradation were determined by HPLC–MS, and the possible degradation pathways of the target molecules were inferred. This study offered a new avenue for sulfate-based degradation of Fe-based metal organic framework.

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Some or all data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20211509), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52070093), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 021114380169, 021114913417, and 021114380197).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Junxia Chen, Zhenzhen Yang, Weigang Li, Yuying Yang & Qing Zhou

  2. Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China

    Feng Zhu & Zongli Huo

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  1. Junxia Chen
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  2. Zhenzhen Yang
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  3. Weigang Li
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  4. Yuying Yang
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  5. Feng Zhu
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  7. Qing Zhou
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Contributions

Junxia Chen: investigation, conceptualization, data analysis, writing—original draft; Zhenzhen Yang: methodology, writing—review and editing; Weigang Li: methodology, investigation, characterization; Yuying Yang: data analysis; Feng Zhu: characterization; Zongli Huo: methodology, resources, project administration; Qing Zhou: supervision, funding acquisition, project administration, resources.

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Correspondence to Qing Zhou.

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Highlights

1. MXene-supported MIL-88A(Fe) composites (M88A/MX) were synthesized by hydrothermal solvent method.

2. With simultaneous addition of M88A/MX-0.2 and PS, the TC removal efficiencies after 4 min reached 86.7%.

3. The high removal efficiency of the M88A/MX-0.2 could be due to the large specific surface area and resulting in more active sites.

4. Fe2+ and the lattice oxygen were contributed to generate radical ROS (·OH, ·SO4−, and·O2−).

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Chen, J., Yang, Z., Li, W. et al. MXene-supported MIL-88A(Fe) as persulfate activator for removal of tetracycline. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 25273–25286 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32677-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32677-4

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