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Recent updates on remediation approaches of environmentally occurring pollutants using visible light-active nano-photocatalysts

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Abstract

Photocatalysis emerges as a potential remedy for the issue of an unreliable light source. Recognized as the most dependable and potent energy source sustaining life on Earth, sunlight offers a promising solution. Sunlight is abundant and free, operational costs associated with running photocatalytic system using nanoparticles are often lower compared to system relying on artificial light source. The escalating problem of water pollution, particularly in highly industrialized nations, necessitates effective wastewater treatment methods. These methods aim to combat elevated pollution levels, encompassing pharmaceuticals, dyes, flame retardants, and pesticide components. Advanced oxidation processes within photocatalytic wastewater treatment exhibit substantial promise for removing complex organic pollutants. Doped nanomaterials, with their enhanced properties, enable efficient utilization of light. Coupled nanomaterials present significant potential in addressing both water and energy challenges by proficiently eliminating persistent pollutants from environment. Photocatalysis when exposed to sunlight can absorb photons and generate e- h + pairs. This discussion briefly outlines the wastewater treatment facilitated by interconnected nanomaterials, emphasizing their role in water-energy nexus. In exploring the capabilities of components within a functional photocatalyst, a comprehensive analysis of both simple photocatalysts and integrated photocatalytic systems is undertaken. Review aims to provide detailed explanation of the impact of light source on photon generation and significance of solar light on reaction kinetics, considering various parameters such as catalyst dosage, pH, temperature, and types of oxidants. By shedding light on these aspects, this review seeks to enhance our understanding of intricate processes involved in photocatalysis and its potential applications in addressing contemporary environmental challenges.

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Funding

Dr. Manviri Rani is grateful to DST-SERB, New Delhi (Sanction order no. SRG/2019/000114) and TEQIP-III, MNIT Jaipur, India, for the financial assistance. Dr. Uma Shanker is thankful to DST-SERB, New Delhi (Sanction order no. EEQ/2023/196) for financial support. Ms. Jyoti Yadav is thankful to University Grant Commission (UGC) New Delhi for research fellowship.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India

    Manviri Rani & Jyoti Yadav

  2. Department of Chemistry, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India, 144027

    Uma Shanker

  3. School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Chongqing Wang

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  1. Manviri Rani
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Manviri Rani: conceptualization, supervision, visualization, and writing—original draft. Jyoti Yadav: writing—original draft, investigation, software, and validation. Uma Shanker: supervision and writing—review and editing. Chongqing Wang: writing—review and editing and validation.

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Correspondence to Uma Shanker.

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Rani, M., Yadav, J., Shanker, U. et al. Recent updates on remediation approaches of environmentally occurring pollutants using visible light-active nano-photocatalysts. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 22258–22283 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32455-2

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