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Preparation of ionic liquid modified graphene composites and their adsorption mechanism of arsenic (V) in aqueous solution

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Abstract

Graphene (GR) is a new type of carbon-based material that combines many excellent properties. In order to give full play to the excellent properties of graphene and expand its application scope, this study used ionic liquid SbF6 to modify it and successfully prepared ionic liquid modified graphene composites (H/GR), and studied its adsorption mechanism of arsenic in aqueous solution. By investigating the effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, pH, adsorbent (H/GR) dosage, and humic acid concentration on the removal rate of arsenic in aqueous solution, the experimental results showed that when the reaction temperature was 30 °C, reaction time was 1 h, pH was 6, H/GR dosage was 0.1g·L–1, and humic acid (HA) concentration was 10 mg·L–1, the best arsenic removal effect was achieved with a maximum. The removal rate was 99.4%. The equilibrium adsorption capacity was well modeled by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tenkin models at 30 °C. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was the most consistent, with a calculated maximum value of 137.95 mg·g–1, which is higher than most adsorbents in the field. In addition, it was determined that the graphene surface was indeed immobilized with the ionic liquid [Hmim]SbF6 by SEM mapping and EDS energy spectroscopy observation, and the adsorption isotherms and pore size distribution maps of graphene before and after the loading of the ionic liquid were analyzed by BET, which further confirmed a significant increase in the microporosity and porosity of the modified H/GR, and furthermore, it was demonstrated that the arsenic ions are chemically bonded with and indeed adsorbed on the surface of the H/GR by FT-IR and XPS characterization analyses. The results of all experimental data studies indicate that the main mechanism of As(V) removal from water by H/GR is due to electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, and complexation between the modified graphene itself and the ionic liquid [Hmim]SbF6 itself.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the project “Microscopic behaviour of heavy metal migration transformation in Pb–Zn tailings and its nano–microscopic highly oriented stabilization mechanism” (51968033) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China under the project “Environmental functional materials, technology and equipment for long–term solidification/stabilization of heavy metal tailing pollution” (2018YFC1801702), and is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727, Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China

    Yingli Li, Keyi Xiang, Guangfei Qu & Rui Li

  2. National Regional Engineering Research Center–NCW, Yunnan, 650500, China

    Yingli Li, Keyi Xiang, Guangfei Qu & Rui Li

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  1. Yingli Li
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Contributions

We acknowledge that all the authors contributed to this paper, including sampling, data collection, data processing, mapping, and research rationale. Corresponding author Professor Qu Guangfei guided our research route and writing; author Li Yingli participated in data recording and data processing, mapping, and other related work during the study; authors Xiang Keyi and Li Rui provided assistance in experimental methods and mechanistic analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Guangfei Qu.

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Li, Y., Xiang, K., Qu, G. et al. Preparation of ionic liquid modified graphene composites and their adsorption mechanism of arsenic (V) in aqueous solution. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 16401–16412 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-31830-3

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