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Study of experimental and numerical simulation on the influence of gravel on the interflow of slope land

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Abstract

The formation of interflow is of great significance for the stability of mountain slopes and soil erosion. Hillsides are often covered with a certain amount of gravel, and research on interflow of slope land with different gravel ratios needs to be carried out. This article is based on indoor experiments and numerical models to study the formation law of interflow in hillside soil under different gravel coverage ratios. It was found that the interflow in the soil rapidly increased in the early stage and began to decrease after briefly reaching equilibrium. The formation of interflow is a complex process that is related to slope, soil characteristics, and rainfall intensity, but the correlation is not high when viewed separately. The lattice Boltzmann model can effectively simulate such problems and achieve high simulation accuracy. The \({R}^{2}\) of the simulated data and measured data ranged from 0.5217 to 0.7403, and \(RMSE\) of the simulated data and measured data ranged from 0.4051 to 0.5711.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

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Funding

Funding by Scholars of Nanxun; Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation Project LZJWY22E090009.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanxun Innovation Institute, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Hui wang, Yu Bai & Dongjing Huang

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  1. Hui wang
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  2. Yu Bai
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  3. Dongjing Huang
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Contributions

YB analyzed and interpreted the data and was a major contributor in writing the manuscript. HW and DH performed the calculation of the model. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yu Bai.

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wang, H., Bai, Y. & Huang, D. Study of experimental and numerical simulation on the influence of gravel on the interflow of slope land. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 11716–11726 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31808-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31808-7

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