Abstract
The consecutive viral infectious outbreaks impose severe complications on public health besides the economic burden which led to great interest in antiviral personal protective equipment (PPE). Nanofiber-based respiratory mask has been introduced as a significant barrier to eliminate the airborne transmission from aerosols toward reduction the viral infection spreading. Herein, selenium nanoparticles incorporated in polyamide 6 nanofibers coated on spunbond nonwoven were synthesized via electrospinning technique (PA6@SeNPs), with an average diameter of 180 ± 2 nm. The nanofiber-coated media were tested for 0.3 μm particulate filtration efficiency based on Standard NIOSH (42 CFR 84). PA6@SeNPs had a pressure drop of 45 ± 2 Pa and particulate filtration efficiency of more than 97.33 which is comparable to the N95 respiratory mask. The bacterial killing efficiency of these nanofibers was 91.25% and 16.67% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), respectively. Furthermore, the virucidal antiviral test for H1N1 infected Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells (MDCK) exhibited TCID50 of 108.13, 105.88, and 105.5 for 2, 10, and 120 min of exposure times in comparison with 108.5, 107.5, and 106.5 in PA6 nanofibers as control sample. MTT assay indicated excellent biocompatibility of electrospun PA6@SeNP nanofibers on L292 cells. These results propose the PA6@SeNP nanofibers have a high potential to be used as an efficient layer in respiratory masks for protection against respiratory pathogens.
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The authors received funding for the present manuscript provided by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) (grant number: 1400-1-148-51477) and the Research and Development Department at Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (FNM Co. Ltd.) (grant number:402/175). Corresponding author has received research support from the TUMS and Company FNM Co. Ltd.
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All authors contributed to the design of this study. Data collection and analysis were performed by Safieh Boroumand, Raheleh Faridi Majid, and Ali Gheibi under the supervision of Reza Faridi Majidi. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Safieh Boroumand, with review and editing by Reza Faridi Majidi. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.
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Boroumand, S., Majidi, R.F., Gheibi, A. et al. Selenium nanoparticles incorporated in nanofibers media eliminate H1N1 activity: a novel approach for virucidal antiviral and antibacterial respiratory mask. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 2360–2376 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31202-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31202-3