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Chromium and arsenic bioaccumulation and biomass potential of pink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea Jacq.)

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Abstract

Soil contamination with heavy metals and metalloids is a global concern nowadays. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable way of mitigating such contamination by utilizing the plants’ ability to accumulate, sequester, and stabilize elements. Biomass-producing plants may outperform hyperaccumulators in terms of total elemental removal and offer more cost-effectiveness through their usable biomass. Ipomoea carnea is a wild plant in the Asian region. It is resilient, spreads rapidly in a wide range of soil conditions, and has a high potential for biomass feedstock. In this work, we have tested this plant species for its growth performance and accumulation characteristics of Cr and As. In a pot experiment, the plants could easily grow from rootless stem segments in 2 weeks when garden soils are treated with 100–500 ppm of Cr and 20–300 ppm of As. Plant growth reduction was little at the moderate level of these elements, with a significant accumulation of elements in 45 days. Within this time, in the stems and leaves, the Cr concentrations were found to be 49 and 39 ppm, respectively, when treated with 500 ppm of Cr, whereas the As concentrations were obtained as 83 and 28 ppm, respectively, for the treatment with 300 ppm of As. To estimate the biomass production potential, the plant was grown with a density of 80,000 per ha under normal field conditions (without metal stress). At the harvest, the plants consisted of 80% stems, 11% leaves, and 9% belowground portions on a dry weight basis. The dry weight of stems, leaves, and belowground parts was 31.3%, 17.9%, and 23.7%, respectively. Overall, the estimated biomass was 25.8 Mg/ha/year from three harvests. The ability to regrow from the basal part makes it useful for continuous sequestration of toxic elements over multiple harvests. Our results show that I. carnea could lower Cr and As from contaminated soils and potentially a phytoremediation candidate considering accumulation rate and high amount of usable biomass production.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the authority of the National Institute of Biotechnology, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, and the Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, Bangladesh, for providing necessary facilities.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, The People’s Republic of Bangladesh through Special Allocation for Science & Technology Programme (grant references: 39.00.0000.009.06.2017/2; grant recipient: S.A. Sharmin). SS Sarker is a recipient of NIB Thesis Studentship and NIB Research Fellowship (ref: 39.06.2672.001.11.012.21.1511(4)) from the National Institute of Biotechnology.

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Author notes

  1. Shashanka Shekhar Sarker

    Present address: Leather Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Nayarhat, Savar, Dhaka, 1350, Bangladesh

  2. Khondaker Md. Jaminur Rahman

    Present address: Certification Marks Wing, Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution, R K Road, Goneshpur, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh

    Shashanka Shekhar Sarker, Khondaker Md. Jaminur Rahman, Shamsun Nahar & Shamima Akhtar Sharmin

  2. Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh

    Shakila Akter & Md Abu Bakar Siddique

  3. School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Shakila Akter

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  1. Shashanka Shekhar Sarker
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Contributions

SS Sarker: methodology, formal analysis, investigation, data curation. S Akter: methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation. MAB Siddique: methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, reviewing and editing of the manuscript draft, visualization. S Nahar: methodology, investigation, KMJ Rahman: methodology, formal analysis, SA Sharmin: conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, research supervision, writing original draft. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shamima Akhtar Sharmin.

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Sarker, S.S., Akter, S., Siddique, M.A.B. et al. Chromium and arsenic bioaccumulation and biomass potential of pink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea Jacq.). Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 2187–2197 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31159-3

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