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Towards green economy and sustainable development in Bangladesh: assessing the role of social and environmental indicators

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Abstract

The evolution towards a green economy integrating social, economic, and environmental concerns has opened a new window to pursue the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially for emerging nations. Nonetheless, despite being a pressing concern on a global scale, empirical research into the potential for green economy development in the context of Bangladesh has remained notably inadequate. To fill this void, this study is an attempt to evaluate the connection among economic growth, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, education, life expectancy, and technology to conclude the ecological and socio-economic repercussions of a green economy in Bangladesh’s framework of achieving SDGs. Considering the statistical features of the annual data from 1990 to 2019, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method has been employed to analyze the connections between the chosen variables. The empirical outcomes show that an upsurge in CO2 is accompanied by a 3.66% increase in GDP over the long term, suggesting a positive and statistically significant relationship between the two variables. In addition, GDP increases by about 4.2% for every 1% increase in life expectancy. However, the relationship between technological innovation and education found an insignificant positive linkage with GDP. The most important takeaway from these findings is that the growth of Bangladesh’s economy is occurring at the expense of the environment. Hence, this research recommends that, as a developing nation, Bangladesh should concentrate on environment-friendly alternatives, which can be done through the introduction of a green economy to achieve a sustainably developed economy.

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Data availability

The data employed in this research is widely accessible at https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Economics, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh

    Md. Atik Hasan, Tasfia Mahjabin, Md. Akter Hossain & Md. Golam Kibria

  2. School of Economics and Management, and Center for Industrial Economics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Mohammad Haseeb

  3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, United States

    Md. Emran Hossain

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  1. Md. Atik Hasan
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  2. Tasfia Mahjabin
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Contributions

The conceptualization, technique, and writing of the findings section were all done by Md. Atik Hasan. The formal analysis and drafting of the literature review part were done by Tasfia Mahjabin. The data management and formal analysis were carried out by Md. Akter Hossain and Md. Golam Kibria. The paper’s introduction was written by Mohammad Haseeb. The manuscript’s discussion, and conclusion and policy section were written by Md. Emran Hossain. The final paper was reviewed and approved by the author(s).

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Hasan, M., Mahjabin, T., Hossain, M. et al. Towards green economy and sustainable development in Bangladesh: assessing the role of social and environmental indicators. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 110324–110339 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30060-3

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