Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a major primary environmental air pollutant and poses a threat to human health. Differences in the environment and leaf microstructures of plants will result in varying abilities to retain PM, but the effects of changes in these factors on PM retention are not yet well understood. This study selected 10 plant species in four urban areas (sports field, park, residential green space, and greenway) as the study objects. The amount of retained PM by the different species was measured, and the leaf microstructures were observed. It was found that the environment significantly affected both PM retention and leaf microstructure. The ranking of PM retention in the 10 species in four areas was greenway > residential green space > park > sports field. The ranking of average stomatal width and length was park > sports field > residential green space > greenway, while that of average stomatal density was greenway > residential green space > park > sports field. Different environments affected the length and density of trichomes in the leaves. These changes represented the adaptation of plant species to the growth environment. The stomata and grooves of the leaf surface significantly affected the ability of plants to retain PM. The amount of PM retained by different species varied. In all four urban areas, Prunus × cistena N. E. Hansen ex Koehne (purple leaf sand cherry), Prunus cerasifera Ehrhart f. atropurpurea (Jacq.) Rehd. (cherry plum), Buxus sinica var. parvifolia M. Cheng (common boxwood), and Ligustrum × vicaryi Rehder (golden privet) showed strong PM retention. The results of this study will provide information for planners and urban managers for the selection of plant species.
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Data availability
The datasets used in the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful the managers of each green space for their support during sample collection. We also would like to thank the Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science for providing us with superior experimental conditions.
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This research was supported by the Forest Seedling Administration Project of Gansu Province (no. XZ20201125), the technological innovation and cooperation project for Gansu Forestry and Grassland Administration (no. kjcx2021004), and the Key R&D Program for the Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province (NO.18YF1FA079).
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Rong Huang: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, and writing—original draft preparation; Qing Tian: validation, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition; Yue Zhang: resources and data curation; Zhini Chen: investigation; Yonghua Wu: writing—review and editing; Zizhen Li: data curation; Zenbin Wen: visualization. All authors read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Huang, R., Tian, Q., Zhang, Y. et al. Differences in particulate matter retention and leaf microstructures of 10 plants in different urban environments in Lanzhou City. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 103652–103673 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29607-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29607-1