Abstract
External regulation is crucial for environmental protection. This study investigates the impact of media attention on corporate environmental governance from 2011 to 2021, using China’s public companies as our samples. The empirical results indicate that media attention consistently and significantly enhances corporate environmental governance. This effect remains robust across endogeneity considerations and alternative tests. Additionally, in regions with higher marketization and stronger rule of law frameworks, the efficacy of media attention in improving corporate environmental performance becomes remarkably pronounced. Further analysis unveils that media attention positively impacts environmental governance by elevating public awareness, refining internal management efficiency, and fostering innovative strategies for minimizing environmental impact. These results offer empirical backing for the reinforcement of external oversight and corporate governance practices.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Notes
The reason for choosing 2011–2021 period is that environmental responsibility variable data is collected only in 2011.
We focus on eight highly authoritative business newspapers, including Securities Daily, China Securities Journal, Shanghai Securities News, Securities Times, and China Business News.
References
Ackerberg DA, Caves K, Frazer G (2015) Identification properties of recent production function estimators. Econometrica 83:2411–2451. https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA13408
Aerts W, Cormier D (2009) Media legitimacy and corporate environmental communication. Acc Organ Soc 34:1–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2008.02.005
An Y, Jin H, Liu Q, Zheng K (2022) Media attention and agency costs: evidence from listed companies in China. J Int Money Financ 124:102609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2022.102609
Ang JS, Hsu C, Tang D, Wu C (2021) The role of social media in corporate governance. Account Rev 96:1–32. https://doi.org/10.2308/TAR-2018-0144
Bansal P, Clelland I (2004) Talking trash: legitimacy, impression management, and unsystematic risk in the context of the natural environment. Acad Manag J 47:93–103. https://doi.org/10.5465/20159562
Benton M, Frazier PJ (1976) The agenda setting function of the mass media at three levels of "information holding". Commun Res 3:261–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502760030030
Berkan A, Leonardo B, Stefano M (2021) Media coverage, corporate social irresponsibility conduct, and financial analysts' performance. Corp Soc Responsib Environ Manag 28:1456–1470. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2176
Bonsall Iv SB, Green J, Muller Iii KA (2020) Market uncertainty and the importance of media coverage at earnings announcements. J Account Econ 69:101264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2019.101264
Bu C, Zhang K, Shi D, Wang S (2022) Does environmental information disclosure improve energy efficiency? Energy Policy 164:112919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112919
Burke JJ (2022) Do boards take environmental, social, and governance issues seriously? Evidence from Media Coverage and CEO Dismissals. J Bus Ethics 176:647–671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04715-x
Cao H, Zhang L, Qi Y, Yang Z, Li X (2022) Government auditing and environmental governance: evidence from China's auditing system reform. Environ Impact Assess Rev 93:106705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2021.106705
Chae BK, Mchaney R, Sheu C (2020) Exploring social media use in B2B supply chain operations. Bus Horiz 63:73–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.09.008
Chen Z, Jin J, Li M (2022) Does media coverage influence firm green innovation? The moderating role of regional environment. Technol Soc 102006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102006
Dai L, Shen R, Zhang B (2021) Does the media spotlight burn or spur innovation? Rev Acc Stud 26:343–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-020-09553-w
Dang TL, Dang VA, Moshirian F, Nguyen L, Zhang B (2019) News media coverage and corporate leverage adjustments. J Bank Financ 109:105666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2019.105666
Dang TL, Huynh TH, Nguyen MT (2021) Media attention and firm value: international evidence. Int Rev Financ 21:865–894. https://doi.org/10.1111/irfi.12305
Das J (2020) The struggle for climate justice: three Indian news media coverage of climate change. Environ Commun 14:126–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2019.1629976
Dasgupta R, Roy A (2023) Moderation impact of national culture on international firm’s environmental, social, governance and financial performance. Int J Intercult Relat 92:101749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.101749
De Fano D, Schena R, Russo A (2022) Empowering plastic recycling: empirical investigation on the influence of social media on consumer behavior. Resour Conserv Recycl 182:106269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106269
Deephouse DL (2000) Media reputation as a strategic resource: an integration of mass communication and resource-based theories. J Manag 26:1091–1112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(00)00075-1
Desai VM (2014) The impact of media information on issue salience following other organizations’ failures. J Manag 40:893–918. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920631141866
Dispensa JM, Brulle RJ (2003) Media’s social construction of environmental issues: focus on global warming–a comparative study. Int J Soc Soc Policy. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443330310790327
Du W, Li M, Wang Z (2022) The impact of environmental regulation on firms’ energy-environment efficiency: concurrent discussion of policy tool heterogeneity. Ecol Indic 143:109327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109327
Durand R, Vergne JP (2015) Asset divestment as a response to media attacks in stigmatized industries. Strateg Manag J 36:1205–1223. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2280
Dutta G, Kumar R, Sindhwani R, Singh RK (2021) Digitalization priorities of quality control processes for SMEs: a conceptual study in perspective of Industry 4.0 adoption. J Intell Manuf 32:1679–1698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01783-2
Dyck A, Morse A, Zingales L (2010) Who blows the whistle on corporate fraud? J Financ 65:2213–2253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01614.x
Fang LH, Peress J, Zheng L (2014) Does media coverage of stocks affect mutual funds' trading and performance? Rev Financ Stud 27:3441–3466. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhu056
Farrell KA, Whidbee DA (2002) Monitoring by the financial press and forced CEO turnover. J Bank Financ 26:2249–2276. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(01)00183-2
Gao X, Lee J (2017) E-government services and social media adoption: experience of small local governments in Nebraska state. Gov Inf Q 34:627–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2017.09.005
Gao X, Xu W, Li D, Xing L (2021) Media coverage and investment efficiency. J Empir Financ 63:270–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2021.07.002
Gentzkow M, Shapiro JM (2006) Media bias and reputation. J Polit Econ 114:280–316. https://doi.org/10.1086/499414
Goldsmith-Pinkham P, Sorkin I, Swift H (2020) Bartik instruments: what, when, why, and how. Am Econ Rev 110:2586–2624. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181047
Hamilton JT (1995) Pollution as news: media and stock market reactions to the toxics release inventory data. J Environ Econ Manag 28:98–113. https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1007
Hao Y, Huang J, Guo Y, Wu H, Ren S (2022) Does the legacy of state planning put pressure on ecological efficiency? Evidence from China. Bus Strateg Environ 31:3100–3121. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3066
Heyes A, Zhu M (2019) Air pollution as a cause of sleeplessness: social media evidence from a panel of Chinese cities. J Environ Econ Manag 98:102247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2019.07.002
Hoffman AJ, Ocasio W (2001) Not all events are attended equally: toward a middle-range theory of industry attention to external events. Organ Sci 12:414–434. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.12.4.414.10639
Hossain MM, Javakhadze D (2020) Corporate media connections and merger outcomes. J Corp Finan 65:101736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.101736
Imbert C, Seror M, Zhang Y, Zylberberg Y (2022) Migrants and firms: evidence from china. Am Econ Rev 112:1885–1914. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20191234
Jacobson J, Gruzd A, Hernández-García Á (2020) Social media marketing: who is watching the watchers? J Retail Consum Serv 53:101774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.03.001
Jiang X, Li G, Fu W (2021) Government environmental governance, structural adjustment and air quality: a quasi-natural experiment based on the Three-year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defense War. J Environ Manag 277:111470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111470
Jiang Z, Liu B, Liu J, Ying Q (2022) Media attention and regulatory efficiency of corporate violations: evidence from China. J Account Public Policy 41:106931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2021.106931
Khan H, Sukhotu V (2020) Influence of media exposure and corporate social responsibility compliance on customer perception: the moderating role of firm's reputation risk. Corp Soc Responsib Environ Manag 27:2107–2121. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1951
Kim J-B, Zhang H, Li L, Tian G (2014) Press freedom, externally-generated transparency, and stock price informativeness: international evidence. J Bank Financ 46:299–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2014.05.023
Kong G, Kong D, Wang M (2020) Does media attention affect firms’ environmental protection efforts? Evidence from China. Singapore Econ Rev 65:577–600. https://doi.org/10.1142/S021759081741003X
Liu B, Mcconnell JJ (2013) The role of the media in corporate governance: do the media influence managers' capital allocation decisions? J Financ Econ 110:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.06.003
Liu G, Yang Z, Zhang F, Zhang N (2022) Environmental tax reform and environmental investment: a quasi-natural experiment based on China's Environmental Protection Tax Law. Energy Econ 109:106000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106000
Lv W, Qi J, Feng J (2023) Economic policy uncertainty and environmental governance company volatility: evidence from China. Res Int Bus Financ 101875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2023.101875
Marchand A, Hennig-Thurau T, Flemming J (2021) Social media resources and capabilities as strategic determinants of social media performance. Int J Res Mark 38:549–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.09.011
Miller GS (2006) The press as a watchdog for accounting fraud. J Account Res 44:1001–1033. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2006.00224.x
Ning G (2022) The impact of energy industry structure adjustment on digital media application technology. Energy Rep 8:1463–1471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.02.042
Nissani M (1999) Media coverage of the greenhouse effect. Popul Environ 21:27–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02436119
Otero P, Gago J, Quintas P (2021) Twitter data analysis to assess the interest of citizens on the impact of marine plastic pollution. Mar Pollut Bull 170:112620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112620
Pollock TG, Rindova VP (2003) Media legitimation effects in the market for initial public offerings. Acad Manag J 46:631–642. https://doi.org/10.5465/30040654
Ramos-Meza CS, Zhanbayev R, Bilal H, Sultan M, Pekergin ZB, Arslan HM (2021) Does digitalization matter in green preferences in nexus of output volatility and environmental quality? Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:66957–66967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15095-8
Razzaq A, Sharif A, Ozturk I, Afshan S (2023) Dynamic and threshold effects of energy transition and environmental governance on green growth in COP26 framework. Renew Sust Energ Rev 179:113296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113296
Sarbu M (2017) Does social media increase labour productivity? Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 237:81–113. https://doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2017-0104
Seroka-Stolka O, Fijorek K (2020) Enhancing corporate sustainable development: proactive environmental strategy, stakeholder pressure and the moderating effect of firm size. Bus Strateg Environ 29:2338–2354. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2506
Shan S, Peng J, Wei Y (2021) Environmental Sustainability Assessment 2.0: the value of social media data for determining the emotional responses of people to river pollution—a case study of Weibo (Chinese Twitter). Socio Econ Plan Sci 75:100868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2020.100868
Stone GC, Mccombs ME (1981) Tracing the time lag in agenda-setting. J Quart 58:51–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769908105800108
Su W, Guo C, Song X (2022) Media coverage, environment protection law and environmental research and development: evidence from the Chinese-listed firms. Environ Dev Sustain 24:6953–6983. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01735-z
Tang Z, Tang J (2016) Can the media discipline Chinese firms’ pollution behaviors? The mediating effects of the public and government. J Manag 42:1700–1722. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313515522
Wanta W, Hu Y-W (1994) Time-lag differences in the agenda-setting process: an examination of five news media. Int J Public Opinion Res. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/6.3.225
Xu J, Zheng J (2022) Escape from pollution: mass media, air quality, and management turnover. J Int Financ Mark Inst Money 101688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101688
Xu Z, Dai Y, Liu W (2022) Does environmental audit help to improve water quality? Evidence from the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. Sci Total Environ 823:153485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153485
Yu H, Xu J, Shen F, Fang D, Shi D (2022) The effects of an environmental accountability system on local environmental governance and firms’ emissions. Econ Syst 46:100987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2022.100987
Yu Y, Chi J (2021) Political embeddedness, media positioning and corporate social responsibility: evidence from China. Emerg Mark Rev 47:100799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2021.100799
Zeng W, Li L, Huang Y (2021) Industrial collaborative agglomeration, marketization, and green innovation: evidence from China’s provincial panel data. J Clean Prod 279:123598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123598
Zhang H, Tao L, Yang B, Bian W (2023) The relationship between public participation in environmental governance and corporations’ environmental violations. Financ Res Lett 53:103676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2023.103676
Zhou Q, Du M, Ren S (2022) How government corruption and market segmentation affect green total factor energy efficiency in the post-COVID-19 era: evidence from China. Front Energy Res 10:878065
Zyglidopoulos SC, Georgiadis AP, Carroll CE, Siegel DS (2012) Does media attention drive corporate social responsibility? J Bus Res 65:1622–1627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.10.021
Acknowledgements
We sincerely thank the editor and the anonymous referees for their valuable comments on this paper.
Funding
This work is financially supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 22BJY037).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All the authors contribute to the study conception and design. The draft of the manuscript is written by Peihao Shi. Data collection and analysis are performed by Peihao Shi and Lihui Yin. All the authors read and approve the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
The submitted manuscript is original and has not been published elsewhere in any form or language.
Consent to participate
It is confirmed that this manuscript has been participated by all the co-authors.
Consent for publication
It is confirmed that the publication of the manuscript has been participated by all the co-authors.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Baojing Gu
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Appendix
Appendix
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Shi, P., Yin, L. & Wu, C. Voting by mouth: media attention and environmental governance. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 103996–104014 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29506-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29506-5