Abstract
In recent years, a sudden upsurge in the quantity of municipal solid waste (MSW) has been observed, and the status quo demands a constructive and economically viable solution. The use of stabilized municipal solid waste (SMSW) in road construction can help in reducing the burden on landfills and waste management authorities. In the existing study, SMSW was accumulated from the Okhla landfill which is situated in New Delhi that is rich in an organic content. This SMSW was then blended with soil (5%, 10%, and 15%) and bottom ash with varying percentages (10%, 20%, 30%) individually and a mix of soil and bottom ash in the ratio of 1:1 to reduce the content of organic matter. The blended sample was then tested to check its compaction value, California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), durability, and scanning electron microstructure (SEM). The results indicated that the addition of bottom ash to SMSW decreases the maximum dry unit weight that varies between 1.65 and 1.51 KN/m3 while this value reduces to 1.72 to 1.67 KN/m3 in the case of the bottom ash–soil blend. Also, CBR value reduces to 25.50 to 18.00% in case of bottom ash and 25.89 to 21.92% for bottom ash–soil samples and inverse in the case of SMSW samples blended with soil ranges between 19.95 and 22.59%. The California bearing ratio value of all samples under soaked condition meets the minimum criteria (> 10%) as specified in IRC SP-72 for low-volume roads, but at the same time failed to meet the durability specifications. Thus, it is recommended to use this soil subgrade material in arid regions.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to South Delhi Municipal Corporation (SDMC) which has given permission to take the sample from the landfill site and for providing logistical support. Acknowledgement is given to Central Research Facility, MNIT, Delhi, for providing SEM testing facility, and Intercontinental Consultants & Technocrats Pvt. Ltd (ICT lab) for providing UCS testing facility. The author(s) read and approved the final manuscript.
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Sonal Saluja has conducted the field study, lab investigations, and analysis and written the first draft of manuscript. Arun Gaur has supervised throughout the lab investigation and Kafeel Ahmed has reviewed, edited, and validated the data. Prakash Somani provides writing assistance/proofreading of the manuscript.
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Highlights
• The present study checks the feasibility of stabilized municipal solid waste (SMSW) collected from an Okhla landfill site, New Delhi.
• SMSW sample was blended with various percentages of bottom ash, soil, and bottom ash–soil to reduce the organic matter present in the sample.
• The blended samples were tested for their compaction, CBR, unconfined compressive strength, durability, and microstructure behavior.
• The results indicated that the California bearing ratio value of all samples under soaked condition meets the minimum criteria (> 10%) as specified in IRC SP-72 for low-volume roads.
• The samples were not able to fulfill the durability criterion. Thus, it is recommended to use this soil subgrade material in arid regions.
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Saluja, S., Gaur, A., Somani, P. et al. Innovative approach to waste management: utilizing stabilized municipal solid waste in road infrastructure. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 10346–10358 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28967-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28967-y