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An environmental assessment of the impacts of corruption, foreign investment inflow and trade liberalization in the rapidly emerging Malaysian Economy

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Abstract

In the wake of various catastrophic consequences of climate change, Malaysia, a rapidly developing economy, is also inevitably experiencing environmental degradation that merits prompt and serious attention from policymakers and its government. Hence, this study simultaneously highlights the short and long-run dynamic connections between carbon emission in Malaysia and the trio of corruption levels, foreign investment inflow, and trade liberalization. The study also controls for a combination of other factors including energy use, GDP, and urbanization. A robust empirical analysis was conducted on time series observations for the country based on the recent Dynamic ARDL simulation. It was observed that Malaysia's per capita pollution levels significantly reduces based on the corruption perception levels during the sampling period while the economic expansion’s effect on emission levels is positive. Additionally, urbanization, trade levels and energy use all aggravate the emission levels. On the other hand, although FDI poses an insignificant environmental damage in the short run, its environmental sustainability enhancement roles were supported by its long-run negative impacts on carbon emission. Lastly, the EKC was established and as such, essential policy directions were provided for stakeholders in the rapidly emerging Malaysian economy.

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Fig. 1

Source: countryeconomy.com

Fig. 2

Source: World Development Indicators (WDI)

Fig. 3

Source: World Development Indicators (WDI)

Fig. 4

Source: countryeconomy.com

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Data availability

The data for this present study are sourced from the database of the World Development Indicators (WDI) Available at: https://data.worldbank.org, and International Country Risk Guide data. Available at (https://www.eui.eu/Research).

Notes

  1. https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/malaysia/

  2. https://web.archive.org/web/20160510232254/http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/east-asia-the-pacific/malaysia/show-all.aspx

  3. Hii,Veena Babulala and Faustina (25 January 2022). "Malaysia drops five spots to 62 in TI-M's corruption index rankings | New Straits Times".

  4. "Global Competitiveness Report 2013–2014". The World Economic Forum.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Management, Sir Padampat Singhania University Bhatewar, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India

    Bright Akwasi Gyamfi

  2. School of Finance and Accounting, University of Vaasa, 65200, Vaasa, Finland

    Stephen Taiwo Onifade

  3. Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey

    Stephen Taiwo Onifade

  4. Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Melaka Campus, Malacca, Malaysia

    Abdul Rahim Ridzuan

  5. Institute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malacca, Malaysia

    Abdul Rahim Ridzuan

  6. Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia

    Abdul Rahim Ridzuan

  7. Centre for Economic Development and Policy, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia

    Abdul Rahim Ridzuan

  8. Institute for Research On Socio Economic Policy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malacca, Malaysia

    Abdul Rahim Ridzuan

  9. Faculty of Business & Communication, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia

    Mohd Shahidan Shaari

  10. School of Economics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, India

    Pabitra Kumar Jena

Authors
  1. Bright Akwasi Gyamfi
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  2. Stephen Taiwo Onifade
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  3. Abdul Rahim Ridzuan
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  4. Mohd Shahidan Shaari
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  5. Pabitra Kumar Jena
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Contributions

The first author (Bright Akwasi Gyamfi) was responsible for the conceptual construction of the study’s idea. The second author (Stephen Taiwo Onifade) alongside the third and Fourth author (Abdul Rahim Ridzuan), (Mohd Shahidan Shaari) handled the introduction and literature sections. The data gathering, preliminary analysis, simulation was carried out by the first author and last author (Pabitra Kumar Jena), while the general result interpretation, policy framework and manuscript editing were carried out by the second author.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephen Taiwo Onifade.

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Gyamfi, B.A., Onifade, S.T., Ridzuan, A.R. et al. An environmental assessment of the impacts of corruption, foreign investment inflow and trade liberalization in the rapidly emerging Malaysian Economy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 93667–93685 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28868-0

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