Abstract
High phosphate concentrations in natural waters are associated with eutrophication problems that negatively affect the fauna and flora of ecosystems. As an alternative solution to this problem, we evaluated the adsorptive capacity of the fruit peel ash (PPA) of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm and its efficiency in removing phosphate (PO43−) from aqueous solutions. PPA was produced under an oxidative atmosphere and calcinated at 500 °C. The XRF and EDS analyses of PPA after contact with an aqueous PO43− solution showed an increase in its PO43− content, thus confirming the adsorption of PO43−. The Elovich and Langmuir models are the ones fitting the kinetics and the equilibrium state of the process, respectively. The highest PO43− adsorption capacity was approximately 79.50 mg g−1 at 10 °C. PO43− adsorption by PPA is a spontaneous, favorable, and endothermic process involving structural changes. The highest removal efficiency was 97.08% using a 100 mg.L−1 PO43− solution. In sight of this, PPA has shown potential as an excellent natural bioadsorbent.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support to this work by Ceará State Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development Support – FUNCAP, through the Program of Research Productivity Grants, Incentives to Interiorization and Technological Innovation – BPI (Grant N◦ BP3-0139-00276.01.00/18, N◦ BP4-0172-00080.01.00/20 and BP5-00197-00133.01.00/22), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the Master’s scholarship granted, and the Central Analítica of the Federal University of Ceará.
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Francisco José de Paula Filho: Conceptualization, funding acquisition, resources, writing (review and editing), formal analysis, project administration.
Yago Neco Teixeira: Investigation, validation, methodology, writing—original draft.
Vinícius Pereira Bacurau: Methodology, formal analysis.
Anderson Zhong Fan: Methodology, formal analysis.
Jorge Marcell Coelho Menezes: Formal Analysis, writing—review and editing.
Thiago Mielle Brito Ferreira Oliveira: Writing (review and editing), visualization, formal analysis.
Raimundo Nonato Pereira Teixeira: Visualization, formal analysis.
Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho: Visualization, formal analysis.
Ronaldo Ferreira do Nascimento: Writing (review and editing), visualization, formal analysis.
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de Paula Filho, F.J., Teixeira, Y.N., Bacurau, V.P. et al. Adsorption of phosphate in aqueous solution by ash from the fruit peel of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm: adsorption characteristics and behavior. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28292-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28292-4