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Novel silver-morphine-functionalized polypropylene (AgPP-mrp) nanocomposite for the degradation of dye removal by multivariate optimization approach

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Abstract

As a novel adsorbent, an opioid silver-morphine-functionalized polypropylene was synthesized through a one-pot reaction at room temperature and successfully used for the simple one-pot photocatalytic degradation catalyst of methyl orange removal from wastewater. UV spectral analysis reveals a special reference to the excitation of surface plasmon resonance as the main characteristic of the polymer-Ag nanocomposite in toluene solution peak at 420 nm in AgPP-mrp catalyst. The 1H NMR spectrum showed no sign of Ag NP peaks revealing small size distribution in the channels of morphine-functionalized polypropylene polymer. The morphology of silver nanoparticle-doped polymer through scanning electron microscopy (SEM–EDX) reveals PP-mrp with continuous matrix and Ag NPs (0.87 wt%). Furthermore, photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange was investigated on AgPP-mrp catalyst spectrophotometrically under solar irradiation in waste effluent, demonstrating high degradation efficiency. According to experimental findings, silver nanoparticles (AgPP-mrp) achieved high degradation capacities of 139 mg/g equivalent to 97.4% of photodegradation in a little period of time (35 min), as associated with previously stated materials and follow pseudo-second-order kinetic degradation tail of a high regression coefficient (R2 = 0.992). The suggested techniques offer a linear reaction for MO over the pH range of 1.5 to 5 and a degradation temperature of 25 to 60 °C. Central composite design and response surface methodology statistics recommend pH of the reaction medium and time as important variables for methyl orange degradation on AgPP-mrp photocatalytic. AgPP-mrp on the photocatalytic phenomenon based on heterojunction catalytic design producing electron holes (e-), as well as superoxides for the successful degradation of methyl orange.

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Acknowledgements

Rooh Ullah expresses gratitude to TUBITAK for providing him with the “2221-Visiting Scientists Scholarship Programme under 2021/9” fellowship. The Kapadokya University Research Funds (#KÜN.2020-BAGP-345 001) also provided funding for this project. Dr. Mustafa Tuzen thanks the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Turkey, for partial supports.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250, Tokat, Turkey

    Rooh Ullah & Mustafa Tuzen

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan

    Rooh Ullah

  3. Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine Maintenance, Kapadokya University, Nevşehir, Turkey

    Baki Hazer

  4. Department of Nano Technology Engineering, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67100, Zonguldak, Turkey

    Baki Hazer

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  1. Rooh Ullah
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Rooh Ullah did the conceptualization, writing—original draft, investigation, and data analysis. Mustafa Tuzen did the supervision, data analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review, and editing. Baki Hazer did the data analysis, writing—review, and editing.

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Correspondence to Mustafa Tuzen.

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Ullah, R., Tuzen, M. & Hazer, B. Novel silver-morphine-functionalized polypropylene (AgPP-mrp) nanocomposite for the degradation of dye removal by multivariate optimization approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 79904–79915 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27959-2

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