Abstract
In this work, different carbonaceous materials based on floated sludge from a poultry industry wastewater treatment plant (PI-WTP) were synthesized. These materials were characterized and investigated in methylene blue dye (MB) adsorption. The influences of the initial pH solution, adsorbent dosage, kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics were evaluated in the adsorption experiments. A simulation of a real textile effluent was also carried out to evaluate the adsorbent. The results of the adsorbents’ characterization demonstrated that adding ZnCl2 + lime, followed by pyrolysis and acid leaching, significantly improved the material’s properties, leading to abundant porosity and high surface area. The adsorption experiments indicated that the natural pH of the solution (8.0) and the AC-II dosage of 0.75 g L−1 are optimal for MB removal. Elovich and Sips’ models (with a maximum adsorption capacity of 221.02 mg g−1 at 328 K) best fitted the experimental kinetic and equilibrium data, respectively. The adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic according to thermodynamic parameters. The discoloration efficiency of the simulated effluent was 67.8%. In conclusion, the floated sludge, a residue produced on a large scale that needs to be disposed of correctly, can be converted into a value-added material (carbonaceous adsorbent) and applied to treat colored effluents.
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The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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This work was supported by CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) and CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) for financial support.
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Conceptualization: Angélica F. M. Streit; methodology: Fernanda C. Drumm and Patrícia Grassi; formal analysis and investigation: Angélica F. M. Streit and Gabriela C. Collazzo; writing—original draft preparation: Angélica F. M. Streit, Gabriela C. Collazzo, and Guilherme L. Dotto; writing—review and editing: Guilherme L. Dotto, Marcos L. S. Oliveira, Luis F. O. Silva, Daniele Perondi, and Marcelo Godinho; funding acquisition: Marcos L. S. Oliveira, Luis F. O. Silva, and Guilherme L. Dotto; supervision: Guilherme L. Dotto. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Streit, A.F.M., Grassi, P., Drumm, F.C. et al. Preparation of carbonaceous materials from flotation-sludge of the poultry industry and its application in the methylene blue adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 78139–78151 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27756-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27756-x