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Probing river health status: a study based on index of biotic integrity (IBI) in Tapti River of Deccan plateau, India

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Abstract

Anthropogenic activities impacted the ecological health of rivers by altering the physical habitat and water flow as well as by pollution. Monitoring of biotic groups for gauging the river health is a prerequisite for assessing the extent of degradation and formulating management guidelines for river restoration. An assessment using fish-based index of biotic integrity (IBI) was carried out in the Central Indian river, Tapti, for probing its health status. For the multimetric index, twelve metrics were adopted under five categories: taxonomic richness, habitat composition, tolerance indicators, species resilience, and trophic composition. Among the studied sites, Betul in the upper stretch was selected as the reference site for River Tapti, which almost meets the upper expectation of the metrics explored. Continuous scoring method was applied to evaluate the biotic integrity in the selected sites of the river. The IBI score based on the pooled fish abundance data in River Tapti ranged from 33 to 60. Assessment of the ecological health revealed that three-fourth of the river stretch was moderately impaired (25–50% of impairment) and the most deteriorated site was Kamrej with 45% of impairment which might be due to its location in the urban area with high influx of domestic sewage and industrial effluents. The IBI scores were plotted and compared with an independent estimate of water quality. The CCA with environmental and IBI variables revealed higher correlation with each other and the functional groups such as carnivores, herbivores, and fishes with high population doubling time (PDT) were found in close association with nitrate-N, total alkalinity, and specific conductivity. The study urges the need for the adoption of proper management and mitigation measures to restore the health and wealth of aquatic ecosystem.

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Data availability

The study is a result of institutional project of the ICAR-CIFRI, and the data would be available on legitimate request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to ICAR, New Delhi and the Director, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, for the support to conduct the research work. The work was carried out under institutionally funded project “Habitat characterization, fisheries and socio economics of rivers Cauvery, Tapti, Siang and Chaliyar (REF /17-20/07)” of ICAR-CIFRI, India. The authors express their sincere gratitude to Dr. V.R. Suresh for the immense support and coordination extended for the project. The authors thank the institute staff who assisted during the research. The cooperation rendered by the fishers and local authority during sample collection are gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are owing to Ms. Manisha Bohr for helping to prepare the map of Tapti River.

Funding

This study was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Monirampore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India

    Sangeetha Mohanachandran Nair, Sajina Aliyamintakath Muhammadali, Satish Kumar Koushlesh, Thangjam Nirupada Chanu, Sanjoy Kumar Das, Dibakar Bhakta, Srikanta Samanta, Raju Baitha, Vikas Kumar & Basanta Kumar Das

  2. Vadodara Research Station of ICAR-CIFRI, GOTRI Campus, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390 021, India

    Vaisakh Gopinatha Pillai, Wakambam Anand Meetei & Suhas Prakash Kamble

  3. Kolkata Centre of ICAR-CIFRI, CGO Complex, DF Block, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 064, India

    Pranab Gogoi

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Contributions

Sangeetha Mohanachandran Nair: manuscript original draft preparation, data collection and analysis. Sajina Aliyamintakath Muhammadali: manuscript drafting, reviewing, editing and data analysis. Satish Kumar Koushlesh: field data collection and compilation. Thangjam Nirupada Chanu: field data collection and compilation. Sanjoy Kumar Das: estimation of water quality parameters and manuscript editing. Dibakar Bhakta: field data collection and compilation. Vaisakh Gopinatha Pillai: field data collection and compilation. Pranab Gogoi: data analysis. Srikanta Samanta: manuscript editing and guidance. Wakambam Anand Meetei: field data collection and compilation. Raju Baitha: field data collection and compilation. Suhas Prakash Kamble: field data collection and compilation. Vikas Kumar: data analysis. Basanta Kumar Das: overall guidance and supervision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sangeetha Mohanachandran Nair.

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Nair, S.M., Muhammadali, S.A., Koushlesh, S.K. et al. Probing river health status: a study based on index of biotic integrity (IBI) in Tapti River of Deccan plateau, India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 73185–73201 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27497-x

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