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Spatiotemporal variability characteristics of extreme climate events in Xinjiang during 1960–2019

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Abstract

Under the global warming, it is particularly important to explore the response of extreme climate to global climate change over the arid regions. Based on daily temperature (maximum, minimum, and average) and precipitation data from meteorological stations in Xinjiang, China, we analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of extreme temperature and extreme precipitation events via combining thin plate smoothing spline function interpolation, Sen’s slope, and Mann–Kendall test. Our results showed that during 1960–2019, the extreme low temperature index of frost days (FD), icing days (ID), cold days (TX10p), cold nights (TN10p), and cold speel duration index (CSDI) all showed the downward trend to varying degrees, and the extreme high temperature index of summer days (SD25), warm days (TX90p), warm night (TN90p), and warm speel duration index (WSDI) all showed an upward trend to varying degrees, and the extreme low temperature index of high altitude mountains decreases more than that of the basin and plains. In addition, all the extreme temperature indices are closely related to the annual average temperature in Xinjiang (R > 0.6). Among the extreme precipitation indices, except for the consecutive dry days (CDD), the other extreme precipitation indices showed increasing trends to different degrees, but the changes in extreme precipitation in Xinjiang were mainly manifested by the increase of heavy precipitation in a short period (the increase of heavy precipitation and extreme heavy precipitation was the largest, 44.8 mm/10a and 17.6 mm/10a, respectively) and spatially concentrated in the Ili River and Altai Mountains in northern Xinjiang. Meanwhile, annual precipitation was positively correlated with the extreme precipitation index (R > 0.4), except for the CDD. This study provides theoretical support for the prevention and control of natural disasters in the dry zone.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding/first author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2022YFC3800801), Fundamental Research Fund “Construction of the Key Laboratory of Coastal Science and Integrated Management” (2022L08, 2021L08) and the Ministry of Natural Resources operational special project (GW0422002, GW0122004, TZ0122001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Coastal Science and Integrated Management, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China

    Tong Dong & Dahai Liu

  2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes, College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China

    Jing Liu & Mingjie Shi

  3. Hengxing University, Qingdao, 266000, China

    Jing Liu

  4. Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453002, China

    Panxing He

  5. College of Equipment Engineering, Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology, Jinzhong, 030600, China

    Zheng Li

  6. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Jia Xu

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  1. Tong Dong
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Contributions

Conceptualization, T.D. and D.L.; methodology, T.D.; software and formal analysis, T.D. and P.H.; investigation, T.D. and J.L.; resources, Z.L.; data curation, J.X.; writing—original draft preparation, T.D, M.S, and P.H.; writing, review, and editing, P.H, Z.L, and J.X.; visualization, T.D.; supervision, D.L.; project administration, D.L, and P.H.; funding acquisition, D.L. All the authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dahai Liu.

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Dong, T., Liu, J., Liu, D. et al. Spatiotemporal variability characteristics of extreme climate events in Xinjiang during 1960–2019. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 57316–57330 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26514-3

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