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Physiological responses of wild grass Holcus lanatus L. to potentially toxic elements in soils: a review

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Abstract

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils accumulate in plants, obstruct their growth, and pose hazards to the consumer via the food chain. Many kinds of grass, grass-like plants, and other higher plant species have evolved a tolerance to PTEs. Holcus lanatus L., a wild grass, is also tolerant (an excluder) of PTEs, such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). However, the extent of tolerance varies among ecotypes and genotypes. The PTE tolerance mechanism of H. lanatus curtails the typical uptake process and causes a reduced translocation of PTEs from the roots to the shoots, while such a characteristic is useful for contaminated land management. The ecology and response patterns of Holcus lanatus L. to PTEs, along with the associated mechanisms, are reviewed in the current work.

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Funding

The study was supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (Grant Nos. 19F19109 and 21K12287).

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IMM Rahman (conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing – original draft, writing – review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition), BM Khan (methodology, investigation, data curation, writing – original draft).

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Correspondence to Ismail M.M. Rahman.

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Rahman, I.M., Khan, B.M. Physiological responses of wild grass Holcus lanatus L. to potentially toxic elements in soils: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 54470–54482 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26472-w

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