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Comparative analysis of the growth impact of pollution and energy use in selected West African nations

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Abstract

We adopt the FMOLS and Granger causality technique to analyse the effect of energy use and carbon emissions on output growth in selected West African economies, which includes Nigeria, Gambia and Ghana, from 1970 to 2019. Findings confirm that energy use enhances growth in the three selected West African economies. But in terms of significance, energy consumption is significant in Nigeria and Gambia at a 1% level of significance while it is insignificant for the Gambia. CO2 emission positively and significantly propels economic growth for the three selected West African economies. For Nigeria, causality evidence shows no direct influence among the variables. For Ghana, we find a bi-causal association between output growth and carbon emissions and a unidirectional causality from pollution to energy consumption. For Gambia, economic growth causes CO2 emissions. We recommend that the West African government reinforce their stand on a sustainable growth path through energy conservation.

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The data used in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Management and Social Sciences, Pan-Atlantic University, Lagos, Nigeria

    Ekundayo Peter Mesagan, Emeka Osuji & Hope Agbonrofo

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  1. Ekundayo Peter Mesagan
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  2. Emeka Osuji
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  3. Hope Agbonrofo
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Contributions

EPM conceptualised and presented the literature review.

EO analysed the results and conducted the editorial review of the paper.

HA presented the methodology section.

All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hope Agbonrofo.

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Mesagan, E.P., Osuji, E. & Agbonrofo, H. Comparative analysis of the growth impact of pollution and energy use in selected West African nations. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 66438–66449 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20532-3

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