Abstract
In recent years, research has been conducted in search of alternative adhesives that are less harmful to human health and the environment. Cardanol derived from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) has attracted considerable attention due to its chemical and specific characteristics (antioxidant activity, flame resistance, and hydrophobicity). In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of particleboards using cardanol instead of urea–formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. Different percentages of cardanol were used (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80%) in which its physicochemical properties were evaluated. The panels were produced with particles of Pinus oocarpa and nominal density of 0.75 g/cm3, their physical and mechanical properties were evaluated, wood-adhesive interface evaluation with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the combustibility test. It is concluded that the maximum replacement of UF by cardanol is 5%, since, in this situation, the mentioned properties reach the established norms for the commercialization of the boards.
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The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included in the article. Besides, the datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Persons (funding code 001), Foundation for Research Support of the State of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), to the Graduate Program in Engineering Biomaterials (PPG BIOMAT-UFLA-BRAZIL), to the company Resibras Cashol for the donation of cardanol, and to the Microscopy Laboratory/UFRPE.
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This research was supported by the Minas Gerais Research Funding Foundation – FAPEMIG (PQ -000673–21), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES (finance code 001), and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq.
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ACCF contributed with the investigation, writing of the initial version, review, data collection, and data analysis. FMSB and TPP were contributors in writing the manuscript, specifically writing the initial version, review, and editing of the manuscript. MGJ, JAOF, and LMAP contributed to the search for new raw materials resources, methodology, and review. LMM and JBGJ contributed with supervision, conceptualization, funding acquisition, and project administration. The authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Corrêa Furtini, A., Silva Brito, F., Guimarães Junior, M. et al. Substitution of urea–formaldehyde by renewable phenolic compound for environmentally appropriate production of particleboards. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 66562–66577 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20468-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20468-8