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Highly economic and waste valorization strategy for multicomponent and Knoevenagel reactions using water extract of tamarind seed ash

  • Chemical Sciences in Sustainable Technology and Development
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Abstract

The application of solid organic waste-originated products in the preparation of synthetically and biologically significant compounds in aqueous media or pure water is a highly desired task in chemical synthesis that shows an effective solution to the circular economy and sustainable environment. In this article, we describe our research on the development of highly economic and sustainable protocols for the synthesis of biologically important oxygen-heterocycles (using a multicomponent reaction) and synthetically important olefins (via the Knoevenagel condensation reaction) using water extract of tamarind seed ash (WETS) as catalyst and aqueous reaction medium. The reactions are carried out at room temperature (RT) under toxic/problematic/volatile organic solvent-free conditions. Products of the current methods have been purified by using recrystallization technique. WETS was characterized from its FTIR, powder XRD, SEM, and EDAX data. Problematic and non-renewable solvents were avoided throughout the process from their synthesis to purification. The utilization of solid organic waste-originated catalyst and aqueous media, avoid of non-renewable substances as catalysts, media, separation solvents and promoters, and unobligating heating conditions can surely attract the attention of chemists towards exploring the waste-based products in chemical transformations.

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The melting points, spectroscopic data, and copies of 1H & 13C NMR spectra of the products have been provided in supporting information which can be found at online along with this article.

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Acknowledgements

BRN thanks Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, for fellowship (No. 09/1076(0003)/2018-EMR-I) and JL thanks Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi, for INSPIRE Fellowship (ID: IF150772).

Funding

Authors received financial support from the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi, via the Grant No. SB/FT/CS-009/2014.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Synthetic & Natural Products Chemistry Department of Chemistry, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516005, India

    Bandameeda Ramesh Naidu, Jangam Lakshmidevi & Katta Venkateswarlu

  2. Department of Chemistry Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi, Chennai, 600062, India

    Sivarama Krishna Lakkaboyana

Authors
  1. Bandameeda Ramesh Naidu
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  2. Jangam Lakshmidevi
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  3. Katta Venkateswarlu
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  4. Sivarama Krishna Lakkaboyana
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KVL and SKL designed and KVL supervised the research present in this article. BRN and JL conducted the experiments. All the authors are analyzed the data, drafted, edited and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Katta Venkateswarlu.

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Naidu, B.R., Lakshmidevi, J., Venkateswarlu, K. et al. Highly economic and waste valorization strategy for multicomponent and Knoevenagel reactions using water extract of tamarind seed ash. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 71420–71429 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20124-1

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