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A novel preparation process of straw-based iron material for enhanced persulfate activation of reactive black 5 degradation

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Abstract

In this study, a new straw-iron composite material (ST@Fe) was synthesized through impregnation and freeze-drying process for persulfate (PS) activation to degrade reactive black 5 (RB5). Scanning electron microscope, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that straw owns huge pore structure and varieties of organic functional groups, including hydroxyl carboxyl groups, which could effectively adsorb and complex iron ions. The interaction between the active iron particles in ST@Fe and straw generated Fe2+ for PS activation, effectively degrading over 94.80% of RB5 at an initial concentration of 20 ppm in 100 min with a specific degradation capacity of 18.97 min−1 per unit of iron ions. ST@Fe/PS system demonstrated high tolerance in a wide initial pH range, which could gradually attack the RB5 molecular structure and significantly reduce the mineralization of water. Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance demonstrated the efficient generation of ROS including sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen, and confirmed the dominance of sulfate radicals in the degradation process. The continuous degradation capacity and reusability of ST@Fe were also evaluated, which proved that the contaminant could be effectively degraded even after multiple cycles in the simulated textile wastewater, indicating its potential for use in practical remediation. This work provided a new method for the preparation of modified functional materials for the degradation of organic pollutants in textile wastewater and posed a novel strategy for the utilization of waste biomass.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No.41907168, No.42007164), and Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education (GJJ200660).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization Ministry of Education School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Shuxuan Wu, Huali Cao, Yunyan Liu, Daishe Wu & Zhifei Ma

  2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Shuxuan Wu, Yu Yang, Sheng Deng & Tianxue Yang

  3. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Shuxuan Wu, Yu Yang & Sheng Deng

  4. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, 330013, China

    Chuqiao Wang

Authors
  1. Shuxuan Wu
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  2. Yu Yang
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  3. Sheng Deng
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  4. Huali Cao
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  5. Yunyan Liu
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  8. Chuqiao Wang
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  9. Zhifei Ma
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Contributions

The idea and design of the research: Zhifei Ma and Shuxuan Wu. Conducted the chemical analysis: Huali Cao, Yunyan Liu, Chuqiao Wang. Literature search and data analysis: Yu Yang, Tianxue Yang, Sheng Deng, Daishe Wu. All authors drafted and/or critically revised the work.

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Correspondence to Zhifei Ma.

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Wu, S., Yang, Y., Deng, S. et al. A novel preparation process of straw-based iron material for enhanced persulfate activation of reactive black 5 degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 34174–34185 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18679-0

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