Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Adsorption and photocatalytic properties of porphyrin loaded MIL-101 (Cr) in methylene blue degradation

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study for the very first time, zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) was loaded into MIL-101 (Zn[TPP]@MIL-101) to perform an adsorptive and photocatalytic dye removal. The physicochemical attributes of the catalyst were thoroughly determined by the usage of XRD, FTIR, FESEM, BET, UV–vis, and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The obtained XRD pattern exhibited the phase purity of MIL-101 and its structural stability. The solid-phase diameter of the catalyst was observed to be ~ 270.76 ± 119.95 nm, while its gas adsorption data was indicative of a decrease in the specific surface area after the loading of ZnTPP. The ICP analysis displayed the amount of encapsulated Zn[TPP] (~ 17%) in MIL-101. The UV–vis confirmed the presence of Zn[TPP] in MIL-101 with the lack of any interferences or overlaps with the λmax of methylene blue (MB) with the support. The dye removal of MB was investigated under dark conditions (adsorption) and UV light (photodegradation). The observed adsorption under dark conditions using Zn[TPP]@MIL-101 (99.27% yield) demonstrated a superior dye removal in comparison to the cases of photodegradation of MB by MIL-101 and Zn[TPP]@MIL-101 or adsorption by MIL-101. In conformity to the gathered results, [ZnTPP] was able to increase the adsorption capacity at pH = 7 at room temperature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and material

Not applicable.

References

  • Abdolhoseinzadeh A, Sheibani S (2020) Enhanced photocatalytic performance of Cu2O nano-photocatalyst powder modified by ball milling and ZnO. Adv Powder Technol 31:40–50

  • Ahmed M, Sakthivel A (2016) Covalent grafting of cobalt carbonyl cluster on functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 molecular sieve and its applications towards hydroformylation of 1-octene. J Mol Catal A: Chem 424:85–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akbari A, Sabouri Z, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2020) Effect of nickel oxide nanoparticles as a photocatalyst in dyes degradation and evaluation of effective parameters in their removal from aqueous environments. Inorg Chem Commun 115:107867

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alanazi AA, Wojtas L, McKeithan CR, Larsen RW (2020) Pore modulation of guest photophysics in metal organic frameworks: photophysical studies of meso-tetra (N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphine encapsulated within MOM-11 and MOM-12. J Photochem Photobiol A-Chem 391:112329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvaro M, Carbonell E, Ferrer B, Llabrés i Xamena FX, Garcia H (2007) Semiconductor behavior of a metal-organic framework (MOF). Chem – Eur J 13:5106–5112

  • Anjali K, Ahmed M, Christopher J, Sakthivel A (2018) Rhodium-calix [4] pyrrole and rhodium-tetraphenyl porphyrin: preparation, surface grafting and their catalytic application in nitro-benzene reduction. Dalton Trans 47:12353–12361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anjali K, Nishana L, Christopher J, Sakthivel A (2020) Zinc-tetraphenylporphyrin grafted on functionalised mesoporous SBA-15: synthesis and utilisation for nitroaldol condensation. J Porous Mater 27(4):1191–1201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach SS, Bristol DW, Peckham JC, Travlos GS, Hébert CD, Chhabra RS (2010) Toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of methylene blue trihydrate in F344N rats and B6C3F1 mice. Food Chem Toxicol 48:169–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bao Y, Zhang G (2012) Study of adsorption characteristics of methylene blue onto activated carbon made by Salix psammophila. Energy Procedia 16:1141–1146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boroujeni MB, Hashemzadeh A, Shaabani A, Amini MM (2017) In situ synthesis of metallophthalocyanines into pores of MIL-101: a novel and green strategy for preparation of host–guest catalysts. Appl Organomet Chem 31:e3715

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chithambararaj A, Sanjini N, Bose AC, Velmathi S (2013) Flower-like hierarchical h-MoO3: new findings of efficient visible light driven nano photocatalyst for methylene blue degradation. Catal Sci Technol 3:1405–1414

  • Chung K-T, Fulk G, Andrews A (1981) Mutagenicity testing of some commonly used dyes. Appl Environ Microbiol 42:641–648

  • Corma A, Iglesias M, i Xamena FXL, Sánchez F (2010) Cu and Au metal–organic frameworks bridge the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for alkene cyclopropanation reactions. Chem–Eur J 16:9789–9795

  • Cui X, Li W, Ryabchuk P, Junge K, Beller M (2018) Bridging homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis by heterogeneous single-metal-site catalysts. Nat Catal 1:385–397

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira Brito SM, Andrade HMC, Soares LF, de Azevedo RP (2010) Brazil nut shells as a new biosorbent to remove methylene blue and indigo carmine from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 174:84–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gangu KK, Maddila S, Mukkamala SB, Jonnalagadda SB (2016) A review on contemporary metal–organic framework materials. Inorg Chim Acta 446:61–74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gross E, Toste FD, Somorjai GA (2015) Polymer-encapsulated metallic nanoparticles as a bridge between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Catal Lett 145:126–138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutter B, Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS (1977) A study of the photoinduced mutagenicity of methylene blue. Mutat Res Fundam Mol Mech Mutagen 44:177–181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hasan Z, Jhung SH (2015) Removal of hazardous organics from water using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): plausible mechanisms for selective adsorptions. J Hazard Mater 283:329–339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashemi Ghoochani S, Heshmati A, Hosseini HA, Darroudi M (2021) Sonochemical assisted removal and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by MIL-101 (Cr) from aqueous solutions. Inorg Chem Res 5:230–237

  • Hashemzadeh A, Amini MM, Khavasi HR, Ng SW (2017a) Ligand preferences in ytterbium ions complexation with carboxylate-based metal-organic frameworks. J Coord Chem 70:3217–3232

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashemzadeh A, Amini MM, Tayebee R, Sadeghian A, Durndell LJ, Isaacs MA, Osatiashtiani A, Parlett CM, Lee AF (2017b) A magnetically-separable H3PW12O40@ Fe3O4/EN-MIL-101 catalyst for the one-pot solventless synthesis of 2H-indazolo [2, 1-b] phthalazine-triones. Mol Catal 440:96–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hou Y, Sun J, Zhang D, Qi D, Jiang J (2016) Porphyrin–alkaline earth MOFs with the highest adsorption capacity for methylene blue. Chem–Eur J 22:6345–6352

  • Jiang ZW, Zou YC, Zhao TT, Zhen SJ, Li YF, Huang CZ (2020) Controllable synthesis of porphyrin-based 2D lanthanide metal-organic frameworks with thickness- and metal-node-dependent photocatalytic performance. Angew Chem Int Ed 59:3300–3306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson JA, Luo J, Zhang X, Chen Y-S, Morton MD, Echeverría E, Torres FE, Zhang J (2015) Porphyrin-metalation-mediated tuning of photoredox catalytic properties in metal–organic frameworks. ACS Catal 5:5283–5291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • karmakar S, Dechnik J, Janiak C, De S (2016) Aluminium fumarate metal-organic framework: a super adsorbent for fluoride from water. J Hazard Mater 303:10–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan NA, Hasan Z, Jhung SH (2013) Adsorptive removal of hazardous materials using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): a review. J Hazard Mater 244:444–456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kitagawa S (2014) Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Chem Soc Rev 43:5415–5418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuppler RJ, Timmons DJ, Fang Q-R, Li J-R, Makal TA, Young MD, Yuan D, Zhao D, Zhuang W, Zhou H-C (2009) Potential applications of metal-organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 253:3042–3066

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lan GX, Zhu YY, Veroneau SS, Xu ZW, Micheroni D, Lin WB (2018) Electron injection from photoexcited metal-organic framework ligands to Ru-2 secondary building units for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution. J Am Chem Soc 140:5326–5329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee CY, Farha OK, Hong BJ, Sarjeant AA, Nguyen ST, Hupp JT (2011) Light-harvesting metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): efficient strut-to-strut energy transfer in bodipy and porphyrin-based MOFs. J Am Chem Soc 133:15858–15861

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leng FC, Liu H, Ding ML, Lin QP, Jiang HL (2018) Boosting photocatalytic hydrogen production of porphyrinic MOFs: the metal location in metalloporphyrin matters. ACS Catal 8:4583–4590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Wang X, Zhao G, Chen C, Chai Z, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X (2018) Metal–organic framework-based materials: superior adsorbents for the capture of toxic and radioactive metal ions. Chem Soc Rev 47:2322–2356

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li LJ, Yu XM, Xu L, Zhao YH (2020) Fabrication of a novel type visible-light-driven heterojunction photocatalyst: metal-porphyrinic metal organic framework coupled with PW12/TiO2. Chem Eng J 386:123955

  • Liu J, Chen L, Cui H, Zhang J, Zhang L, Su C-Y (2014) Applications of metal–organic frameworks in heterogeneous supramolecular catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 43:6011–6061

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu L, Li S, An Y, Sun X, Wu H, Li J, Chen X, Li H (2019a) Hybridization of nanodiamond and CuFe-LDH as heterogeneous photoactivator for visible-light driven photo-fenton reaction: Photocatalytic activity and mechanism. Catalysts 9:118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Xie Y, Dai M, Gong Q, Dang Z (2019b) Ag/AgCl/MIL-101 (Fe) catalyzed degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradation. Materials 12:1453

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luo X-P, Fu S-Y, Du Y-M, Guo J-Z, Li B (2017) Adsorption of methylene blue and malachite green from aqueous solution by sulfonic acid group modified MIL-101. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 237:268–274

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mondal K, Sharma A (2015) Photocatalytic oxidation of pollutant dyes in wastewater by TiO2 and ZnO nano-materials–a mini-review. Nanosci Technol Mankind 36–72

  • Mor S, Chhavi MK, Sushil KK, Ravindra K (2018) Assessment of hydrothermally modified fly ash for the treatment of methylene blue dye in the textile industry wastewater. Environ Dev Sustain 20:625–639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Najjar M, Hosseini HA, Masoudi A, Hashemzadeh A, Darroudi M (2020) Preparation of tin oxide (IV) nanoparticles by a green chemistry method and investigation of its role in the removal of organic dyes in water purification. Res Chem Intermed 46:2155–2168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nasalevich M, Van der Veen M, Kapteijn F, Gascon J (2014) Metal–organic frameworks as heterogeneous photocatalysts: advantages and challenges. CrystEngComm 16:4919–4926

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nemati S, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Mohajeri M, Sabouri Z, Darroudi M, KazemiOskuee R (2019) Cytotoxicity and photocatalytic applications of biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles by Rheum turketanicum rhizome extract. Mater Res Express 6:125016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olliver J, Wild C, Sahay P, Dexter S, Hardie L (2003) Chromoendoscopy with methylene blue and associated DNA damage in Barrett’s oesophagus. Lancet 362:373–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortega-Guerrero A, Fumanal M, Capano G, Tavernelli I, Smit B (2020) Insights into the electronic properties and charge transfer mechanism of a porphyrin ruthenium-based metal–organic framework. Chem Mater 32:4194–4204

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paille G, Gomez-Mingot M, Roch-Marchal C, Lassalle-Kaiser B, Mialane P, Fontecave M, Mellot-Draznieks C, Dolbecq A (2018) A fully noble metal-free photosystem based on cobalt-polyoxometalates immobilized in a porphyrinic metal-organic framework for water oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 140:3613–3618

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parmar B, Bisht KK, Rajput G, Suresh E (2021) Recent advances in metal–organic frameworks as adsorbent materials for hazardous dye molecules. Dalton Trans. 50(9):3083–3108

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavan FA, Mazzocato AC, Gushikem Y (2008) Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions by adsorption using yellow passion fruit peel as adsorbent. Biores Technol 99:3162–3165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pi Y, Li X, Xia Q, Wu J, Li Y, Xiao J, Li Z (2018) Adsorptive and photocatalytic removal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in water by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Chem Eng J 337:351–371

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Polshettiwar V, Varma RS (2010) Green chemistry by nano-catalysis. Green Chem 12:743–754

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rafatullah M, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Ahmad A (2010) Adsorption of methylene blue on low-cost adsorbents: a review. J Hazard Mater 177:70–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimian R, Zarinabadi S (2020) A review of studies on the removal of methylene blue dye from industrial wastewater using activated carbon adsorbents made from almond bark. Prog Chem Biochem Res 3:251–268

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raman CD, Kanmani S (2016) Textile dye degradation using nano zero valent iron: a review. J Environ Manage 177:341–355

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rechac VL, Sanchis EP, Llabrés i Xamena FX (2019) CHAPTER 20 Cavity effects in metal–organic frameworks, noncovalent interactions in catalysis. The Royal Society of Chemistry, pp 440–454

  • Rodrigues TA, Falsetti PH, Del Duque DM, da Silva GT, Lopes OF, Avansi W, Ribeiro C, de Mendonça VR (2021) A versatile Nb2O5/SnO2 heterostructure for different environmental purposes: water treatment and artificial photosynthesis. ChemCatChem 13:730–738

  • Sabouri Z, Fereydouni N, Akbari A, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Amiri MS, Kazemi Oskuee R, Darroudi M (2020a) Plant-based synthesis of NiO nanoparticles using salvia macrosiphon Boiss extract and examination of their water treatment. Rare Met 39:1134–1144

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sabouri Z, Rangrazi A, Amiri MS, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2021) Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using Salvia hispanica L. (chia) seeds extract and studies of their photocatalytic activity and cytotoxicity effects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 44:2407–2415

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sabouri Z, Sabouri M, Amiri MS, Khatami M, Darroudi M (2020b) Plant-based synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles using Rheum turkestanicum extract and evaluation of their cytotoxicity and photocatalytic properties. Mater Technol 1–14 (In Press)

  • Saheb M, Hosseini HA, Hashemzadeh A, Elahi B, Hasanzadeh L, Oskuee RK, Darroudi M (2019) Photocatalytic and biological attributes of green synthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles by rheum turkestanicum (RT) root extract. ChemistrySelect 4:2416–2420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaabani A, Sepahvand H, Amini MM, Hashemzadeh A, Borjian Boroujeni M, Badali E (2018) Tandem oxidative isocyanide-based cycloaddition reactions in the presence of MIL-101(Cr) as a reusable solid catalyst. Tetrahedron 74:1832–1837

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma N, Dhankhar SS, Nagaraja CM (2019) A Mn(II)-porphyrin based metal-organic framework (MOF) for visible-light-assisted cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with epoxides. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 280:372–378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shi Y, Yang A-F, Cao C-S, Zhao B (2019) Applications of MOFs: Recent advances in photocatalytic hydrogen production from water. Coord Chem Rev 390:50–75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shylesh S, Schuenemann V, Thiel WR (2010) Magnetically separable nanocatalysts: bridges between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed 49:3428–3459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Son HJ, Jin S, Patwardhan S, Wezenberg SJ, Jeong NC, So M, Wilmer CE, Sarjeant AA, Schatz GC, Snurr RQ, Farha OK, Wiederrecht GP, Hupp JT (2013) Light-harvesting and ultrafast energy migration in porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 135:862–869

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sudha D, Sivakumar P (2015) Review on the photocatalytic activity of various composite catalysts. Chem Eng Process 97:112–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tan J-C, Civalleri B (2015) Metal–organic frameworks and hybrid materials: from fundamentals to applications. CrystEngComm 17:197–198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Q, Astruc D (2019) State of the art and prospects in metal–organic framework (MOF)-based and MOF-derived nanocatalysis. Chem Rev 120:1438–1511

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang S, Boyjoo Y, Choueib A (2005) A comparative study of dye removal using fly ash treated by different methods. Chemosphere 60:1401–1407

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, An B, Lin W (2018) Metal–organic frameworks in solid–gas phase catalysis. ACS Catal 9:130–146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Liu XM, Zhang M, Geng Y, Zhao L, Li YG, Su ZM (2019a) Two-dimensional cobaltporphyrin-based cobalt-organic framework as an efficient photocatalyst for CO2 reduction reaction: a computational study. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 7:14102–14110

  • Wang L, Jin P, Duan S, Huang J, She H, Wang Q, An T (2019b) Accelerated Fenton-like kinetics by visible-light-driven catalysis over iron(iii) porphyrin functionalized zirconium MOF: effective promotion on the degradation of organic contaminants. Environ Sci Nano 6:2652–2661

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang L, Jin P, Duan S, She H, Huang J, Wang Q (2019c) In-situ incorporation of Copper(II) porphyrin functionalized zirconium MOF and TiO2 for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Science Bulletin 64:926–933

  • Wang L, Jin PX, Duan SH, Huang JW, She HD, Wang QZ, An TC (2019d) Accelerated Fenton-like kinetics by visible-light-driven catalysis over iron(iii) porphyrin functionalized zirconium MOF: effective promotion on the degradation of organic contaminants. Environ Sci-Nano 6:2652–2661

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang L, Jin PX, Huang JW, She HD, Wang QZ (2019f) Integration of copper(II)-porphyrin zirconium metal-organic framework and titanium dioxide to construct z-scheme system for highly improved photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Acs Sustain Chem Eng 7:15660–15670

  • Wang X, Zhang XL, Zhou W, Liu LQ, Ye JH, Wang DF (2019g) An ultrathin porphyrin-based metal-organic framework for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light. Nano Energy 62:250–258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wen M, Li G, Liu H, Chen J, An T, Yamashita H (2019) Metal–organic framework-based nanomaterials for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants: recent progress and challenges. Environ Sci Nano 6:1006–1025

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wen M, Mori K, Kuwahara Y, An T, Yamashita H (2018) Design of single‐site photocatalysts by using metal–organic frameworks as a matrix. Chem–Asian J 13:1767–1779

  • Xiao YH, Tian WM, Jin SY, Gu ZG, Zhang J (2020) Host-guest thin films by confining ultrafine Pt/C QDs into metal-organic frameworks for highly efficient hydrogen evolution. Small 16(45):2005111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yao YH, Du YX, Li J, Wang C, Zhang ZQ, Zhao X (2018) Crystal structure of meso-substituted pyrazolyl porphyrin complexes and their highly active catalyst for oxidation of alkylbenzenes. Appl Organomet Chem 32:e4184

  • Zhang Z, Li X, Liu B, Zhao Q, Chen G (2016) Hexagonal microspindle of NH 2-MIL-101 (Fe) metal–organic frameworks with visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of toluene. RSC Adv 6:4289–4295

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Q, Li C, Li T (2012) Rapid photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under high photon flux UV irradiation: characteristics and comparison with routine low photon flux. Int J Photoenergy (Article ID 398787)

  • ZhangiXamena XFL, Corma A (2009) Gold (III)–metal organic framework bridges the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous gold catalysts. J Catal 265:155–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao S, Li S, Zhao Z, Su Y, Long Y, Zheng Z, Cui D, Liu Y, Wang C, Zhang X (2020a) Microwave-assisted hydrothermal assembly of 2D copper-porphyrin metal-organic frameworks for the removal of dyes and antibiotics from water. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:39186–39197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao SY, Li S, Zhao ZC, Su YP, Long YK, Zheng ZQ, Cui DL, Liu Y, Wang CF, Zhang XJ, Zhang ZT (2020b) Microwave-assisted hydrothermal assembly of 2D copper-porphyrin metal-organic frameworks for the removal of dyes and antibiotics from water. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:39186–39197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Y, Yang W, Qin M, Zhao H (2016) Self-assembly of metal–organic framework thin films containing metalloporphyrin and their photocatalytic activity under visible light. Appl Organomet Chem 30:188–192

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zou L, Sa RJ, Lv HW, Zhong H, Wang RH (2020) Recent advances on metalloporphyrin-based materials for visible-light-driven CO2 reduction. Chemsuschem 13:6124–6140

  • Zuo Q, Liu TT, Chen CS, Ji Y, Gong XQ, Mai YY, Zhou YF (2019) Ultrathin metal-organic framework nanosheets with ultrahigh loading of single Pt atoms for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic H-2 evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed 58:10198–10203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The technical support for this work was provided by Payame Noor University of Mashhad and Mashhad University of Medical Sciences based on the Ph.D. thesis of Ms. Samaneh Hashemi Ghoochani.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Payame Noor University, 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran

    Samaneh Hashemi Ghoochani, Abbas Heshmati & Hasan Ali Hosseini

  2. Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Majid Darroudi

  3. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Majid Darroudi

Authors
  1. Samaneh Hashemi Ghoochani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abbas Heshmati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hasan Ali Hosseini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Majid Darroudi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Samaneh Hashemi Ghoochani: investigation; design and perform experiments; software; writing—original draft; formal analysis. Abbas Heshmati: supervision. Hasan Ali Hosseini: data curation, writing—review and editing. Majid Darroudi: supervision; project administration; validation; writing—review and editing; and total revise consideration.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Majid Darroudi.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

For this type of study, ethical approval was not.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Sami Rtimi

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ghoochani, S.H., Heshmati, A., Hosseini, H.A. et al. Adsorption and photocatalytic properties of porphyrin loaded MIL-101 (Cr) in methylene blue degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 34406–34418 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18640-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18640-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation