Abstract
The present study reported the synthesis and utilization of a graphene-based hybrid nanocomposite (MnFe2O4/G) to mitigate several synthetic dyes, including methylene blue, malachite green, crystal violet, and Rhodamine B. This adsorbent was structurally analyzed by several physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm measurement, point of zero charge, and Boehm titrations. BET surface area of MnFe2O4/G was measured at 382.98 m2/g, which was substantially higher than that of MnFe2O4. MnFe2O4/G possessed diverse surface chemistry properties with the presence of many functional groups such as carboxylic acid, phenolic, lactone, and basic groups. MnFe2O4/G was used to remove synthetic dyes in the aqueous media. The effect of many factors, e.g., concentration (5–50 mg/L), pH (4–10), dose (5–20 mg), and temperature (25–45 °C) on adsorption performance of MnFe2O4/G was conducted. Kinetic, isotherm, intraparticle, and thermodynamic models were adopted for investigating adsorption phenomenon of dyes on MnFe2O4/G. The maximum adsorption capacity of dyes over MnFe2O4/G was found as Rhodamine B (67.8 mg/g) < crystal violet (81.3 mg/g) < methylene blue (137.7 mg/g) < malachite green (394.5 mg/g). Some tests were performed to remove mixed dyes, and mixed dyes in the presence of antibiotics with total efficiencies of 65.8–87.9% after 120 min. Moreover, the major role of π–π stacking interaction was clarified to gain insight into the adsorption mechanism. MnFe2O4/G could recycle up to 4 cycles, which may be beneficial for further practical water treatment.
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This work was funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 104.06-2017.45.
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Thuan Van Tran: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, and writing — original draft. Dai-Viet N. Vo: English editing, validation, review, and editing. Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen: investigation, methodology, and English editing. Yern Chee Ching: formal analysis, resources, and data curation. Ngoc Tung Nguyen: software, validation, and data curation. Quang Trung Nguyen: English editing, review and editing, supervision, and project administration.
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Tran, T.V., Vo, DV.N., Nguyen, D.T.C. et al. Effective mitigation of single-component and mixed textile dyes from aqueous media using recyclable graphene-based nanocomposite. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 32120–32141 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18570-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18570-y