Abstract
Present transport system of conventional vehicle in India has faced challenges due to enormous amount of air pollution, health hazards to human, rising oil price, insufficient indigenous fossil fuel reserve, heavy expenditure on oil import, energy insecurity, etc. Electrical vehicle (EV) is considered to be alternatives of conventional vehicles that can overcome these shortcomings. The aim of the study is to get an overview of the electric vehicle policies of government of India and its state governments to find out their relevance and impact on EV adoption in India. Exploratory research is used in present case to carry out the study. Currently, the EV industry in India is in preliminary condition and in growing stage. Government of India has framed policies such as “NEMMP 2020,” “FAME-I,” “FAME-II,” and Vehicle Scrappage policy. Seventeen of its state governments have framed EV policy. These policies facilitated various types of incentives, infrastructure development, fund allocation, research and development, production, and sales. This will have strong impact on EV demand generation, conversion of conventional vehicles to e-vehicle resulting E-mobility transformation and EV hub in the region that is at par with other EV-developed countries in the world. However, lack of policy and technology availability in the domain of disposal and reprocessing of Li-ion battery is found to be a future limitation of EV prospect in Indian context which needs to be looked into.
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Source: WDI, World Bank
Source: IEA, Tracking report—November 2021
Source: Global EV Outlook, 2021
Source: SMEV Data
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- NEMMP:
-
National Electric Mobility Mission Plan
- FAME:
-
Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles in India
- \({CO}_{2}\) :
-
Carbon dioxide
- NAAQS:
-
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
- WHO:
-
World Health Organization
- GHG:
-
Greenhouse gas
- WDI:
-
World Development Indicators
- IEA:
-
International Energy Agency
- SMEV:
-
Society of Manufacturers of Electric Vehicles
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Pabitra Kumar Das: Conceptualization, writing-original draft preparation, and methodology.
Mohammad Younus Bhat: Software, methodology, data curation, validation, and investigation.
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Das, P.K., Bhat, M.Y. Global electric vehicle adoption: implementation and policy implications for India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 40612–40622 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18211-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18211-w