Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO2) with versatile properties is of substantial standing for practical application, and improved features of the material are demonstrated in the current issue through the integration of nanotechnology with bio-resources leading to what is termed as biosynthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs). This review reveals the recent advances in biosynthesis of SnO2 NPs by chemical precipitation method focused on distinct methodologies, characterization, and reaction mechanism along with a photocatalytic application for dye degradation. According to available literature reviews, numerous bio-based precursors selectively extracted from biological substrates have effectively been applied as capping or reducing agents to achieve the metal oxide NPs. The major precursor obtained from the aqueous extract of root barks of Catunaregam spinosa is found to be 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one that has been proposed as a model compound for the reduction of metal ions into nanoparticles due to having highly active functional groups, being abundant in plants (67.475 wt%), easy to extract, and eco benign. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of SnO2 NPs for the degradation of organic dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural contaminants has been discussed in the context of a promising bio-reduction mechanism of the synthesis. The final properties are supposed to depend exclusively upon a number of factors, e.g., particle size (< 50 nm), bandgap (< 3.6 eV), crystal defects, and catalysts dosage. With this contribution, it has been perceived not only to provide an overview of recent advances in the biosynthesis of SnO2 NPs but also to indicate the main issues in need aiming to show vision towards innovative outcomes.
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References
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Sumaya Tarannum Nipa and Rumana Akter are responsible for literature review and writing the synthetic part of the article; Md. Al Raihan and Sk. Shahriar bin Rasul have discussed the bio-reduction mechanism of nanoparticle formation and photocatalytic dye degradation features; Uday Som, Shafi Ahmed, and Md. Jahangir Alam collected data and structure of the article; Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan and Stefano Enzo are responsible for the revision, review, and structure of the article; Md. Wasikur Rahman planned and directed for writing the article, the research of the structure, the collection of data, and overall reviewing.
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Nipa, S.T., Akter, R., Raihan, A. et al. State-of-the-art biosynthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles by chemical precipitation method towards photocatalytic application. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 10871–10893 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17933-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17933-1