Abstract
Our aim was to clarify the main factors associated with lung function and to analyze the correlation between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and lung function in a rural Chinese population. We analyzed data of 5195 participants in the China Northwest Natural Population Cohort: Ningxia Project who were ≥ 30 years old. They were recruited from 2018 to 2019, underwent spirometry during the physical examination, and completed a self-report questionnaire. A satellite-based spatiotemporal model was used to estimate the 2-year average PM2.5 exposure based on participants’ home addresses. A generalized linear mixed model was used to test the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and lung function. Sex, age, exposure to cooking oil fumes, and occupational exposure were negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Educational status, economic level, tea consumption, and alcohol consumption were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with FVC and FEV1. The adjusted results of each model revealed that FVC and FEV1 decreased with increased exposure to PM2.5. There was a strong negative correlation between a PM2.5 concentration of 35.66 μg/m3 and FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC, with unadjusted hazard ratios of − 0.06 (95% confidence interval, − 0.10 to − 0.01), − 0.13 (− 0.17 to − 0.10), and − 22.10 (− 24.62 to − 19.26), respectively. In conclusion, long-term exposure to high concentrations of ambient PM2.5 is related to reduce lung function among people in rural areas in northwestern China.
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The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request (Faxuan Wang: faxuan203@163.com).
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the research team for their contribution to the collection of survey data. Additionally, we thank the participants for their agreement to take part in the present study and the management of the villages for organizing the local residents.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project Ningxia Cohort from China Northwest Cohort (2017YFC0907204) and Ningxia Medical University scientific research project, Top Discipline of Public Health and Prevent Medicine (NXYLXK2017B08), Education Department of Ningxia, China.
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FW, YuhZ, and YiZ designed the study and drafted the outline. YuZ, FW, DT, XC, PH, and YaZ were involved in the data collection. DT and JL analyzed the data, wrote the original draft, and reviewed and edited the manuscript. FW critically reviewed and revised the manuscript. Finally, all authors read and approved the manuscript content.
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All study investigations were approved by the Ethics Committee of Ningxia Medical University (no. 2018–012) and were performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were provided with written and oral information about the study and gave their written informed consent before participating in the CNC-NX.
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Tian, D., Chen, X., Hou, P. et al. Effects of exposure to fine particulate matter on the decline of lung function in rural areas in northwestern China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 14903–14913 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16865-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16865-0