Abstract
The resource, environment, and ecological value of drinking reservoirs have received widespread concerns due to the pollution of persistent organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Therefore, we comprehensively studied the occurrence, source, distribution, and risk assessment of representative PAHs in Fengshuba Reservoir (FSBR) (large drinking reservoir, China). The total concentrations of 16 USEPA PAHs in the water phase, porewater phase, sediment phase, and soil phase were in ranges of 109.72–393.19 ng/L, 5.75–35.15 μg/L, 364.4–743.71 μg/kg, and 367.81–639.89 μg/kg, respectively. The naphthalene (Nap) was the dominant PAHs in the water phase, while it was Nap and phenanthrene (Phe) in porewater, sediment, and soil phase. The main sources of PAHs in FSBR were biomass combustion. Redundancy analysis indicated that the NTU, NO2-, NH4+, Chl-α, and IC were the dominant factors influencing the PAH distribution in water phase, and the PAHs in sediment phase was affected by T and NO3-. Pseudo-partitioning coefficients indicated that the PAHs in the porewater phase were more likely to migrate to the sediment phase. Risk assessment indicated that the PAHs both in the water and sediment phases were generally in a low-risk state, while the PAHs in the soil phase were in a moderate-risk state, and the Nap was in a high-risk state, and exposure to the PAHs in FSBR through drinking and skin exposure had little impact on consumers’ health. In summary, Nap could be used as a key indicator to evaluate the existence and potential risk of PAHs in FSBR.
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Data Availability
1. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
2. All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).
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The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42007330), National Science and Technology Major Projects of Water Pollution Control and Management of China (Grant No. 2014ZX07206001), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JZ2020HGQA0193).
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1. National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42007330)
2. National Science and Technology Major Projects of Water Pollution Control and Management of China (Grant No. 2014ZX07206001).
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Yiliang He and Kangping Cui conceived of the presented idea. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Yihan Chen. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Xiangyang Xu. Xing Chen, Zhi Guo, Hongjie Chen, and Guangwei Deng commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Xu, ., Cui, K., Chen, Y. et al. Comprehensive insights into the occurrence, source, distribution and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a large drinking reservoir system. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 6449–6462 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16142-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16142-0