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Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon prepared from walnut peel extract for the removal of Eosin Y and Erythrosine B dyes from aqueous solution: experimental approaches, kinetics models, and thermodynamic studies

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Abstract

Water contamination due to release of dye containing effluents is one of the environmental problems of serious concern today. The present study investigate the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) doped on activated carbon (AC) prepared from walnut peel extract and to estimate its efficiency in the removal of Eosin Y (Eo-Y) and Erythrosine B (Er-B) from its aqueous solution. The synthesized AC-ZnO was identified by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The influence of various parameters such as pH, dosage of AC-ZnO, contact time, and concentrations of Eo-Y and Er-B was also studied. The pH 3 was observed as the optimum pH while the equilibrium was noticed to reach in 30 min at dosage of 1 g/L and initial concentration 100 mg/L for Eo-Y and Er-B adsorption onto AC-ZnO. The maximum adsorption capacity of Eo-Y and Er-B onto AC-ZnO was found to be 163.9 and 144.92 mg/g (and removal efficiencies of 95.11 and 98.31 %), respectively. The process of Eo-Y and Er-B adsorption on AC-ZnO was observed to be depended on the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicates chemisorption processes. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model test described the removal of Eo-Y and Er-B on AC-ZnO. The thermodynamic data indicated that the adsorption was endothermic process. Also, the values, SBET and VTOTAL, for the AC-ZnO were equal to 725.65 m2/g and 0.6004 cm3/g, respectively. The results of this study exhibited that AC-ZnO was a very effective method that can be used for the removal of Eo-Y and Er-B from aqueous solutions.

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Data Availability

The data used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This research work was financially supported by Ardabil University of Medical Sciences; we gratefully acknowledge them.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Students Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Yousef Rashtbari

  2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Yousef Rashtbari, Shirin Afshin, Asghar Hamzezadeh & Yousef Poureshgh

  3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran

    Abdolmajid Gholizadeh

  4. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Farshid Jaberi Ansari

  5. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Mehdi Fazlzadeh

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  1. Yousef Rashtbari
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Contributions

Yousef Poureshgh, Yousef Rashtbari, and Mehdi Fazlzadeh participated in the conceptualization and design of the research and supervised the work. Shirin Afshin and Asghar Hamzezadeh are responsible for experimental analysis and interpretation of data. Abdolmajid Gholizadeh contributed to literature search and quality assessment. All authors have read and approved the final paper as submitted

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Correspondence to Yousef Poureshgh or Mehdi Fazlzadeh.

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Rashtbari, ., Afshin, S., Hamzezadeh, A. et al. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon prepared from walnut peel extract for the removal of Eosin Y and Erythrosine B dyes from aqueous solution: experimental approaches, kinetics models, and thermodynamic studies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 5194–5206 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16006-7

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