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Toxic effects of acetone, 2-pentanone, and 2-hexanone on physiological indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germination and seedlings

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Abstract

Petroleum hydrocarbons are important characteristic pollutants in the process of oil exploitation in the Yellow River Delta (China), and they cause a potential hazard to the surrounding ecological environment. The research on eco-toxicological effects of petroleum-derived products still needs to be studied in depth. This paper describes the physiological indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds and seedlings under independent stresses of acetone, 2-pentanone, and 2-hexanone to determine the toxicological effects of ketones derived from petroleum products on typical crops. The experimental results indicated that ketones with concentrations lower than 0.4 mg·cm−2 and 800 mg·kg−1 the germination of wheat seeds and the growth of seedlings were promoted to 113.32–127.27% and 105.41–126.39%, respectively, thus exhibiting low-dose excitatory effects. However, when the concentration was higher than 0.4 mg·cm−2 and 800 mg·kg−1, germination and seedlings’ growth were significantly reduced to 7.14–2.12% and 35.09–13.33%, respectively. At the same time, acetone had a greater impact on the growth of wheat seed roots, the malondialdehyde (MDA), and chlorophyll contents in leaf tissues. The low concentration of acetone had a significant promoting effect on the activity of α-amylase in wheat seeds. 2-Pentanone reduced the electrical conductivity of wheat seed extract, and it significantly promoted the catalase (CAT) activity at low concentrations. 2-Hexanone had a strong inhibitory effect on wheat germination and growth. This study provided new research results to determine the toxic effects of petroleum-derived products and provided a basis for the environmental management of such substances.

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I would like to declare that the work described was original research that has not been published previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part.

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Funding

This work was supported by the NSFC (21477067, 21777088, and U1806216), the Cultivation Fund of the Key Scientific and Technical Innovation Project, Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education and Ministry of Education of China (708058, 20130131110016), and the Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province (2014GSF117027).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People’s Republic of China

    Meifei Li, Kailun Sun, Youshuai Fang, Meng Zheng, Xiaoyu Xie & Rutao Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China

    Jingchun Tang

Authors
  1. Meifei Li
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  2. Kailun Sun
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  3. Youshuai Fang
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  4. Meng Zheng
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  5. Xiaoyu Xie
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  6. Jingchun Tang
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  7. Rutao Liu
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Contributions

Meifei Li: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft and editing, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Data curation. Kailun Sun: Investigation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing - review. Youshuai Fang: Investigation, Formal analysis. Meng Zheng: Resources. Xiaoyu Xie: Supervision. Jingchun Tang: Funding acquisition, Project administration. Rutao Liu: Conceptualization, Validation, Writing - review and editing.

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Correspondence to Rutao Liu.

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Highlights

• The germination and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have been promoted at low concentrations of ketones, and they were inhibited by high concentrations.

• Root growth was greatly affected by acetone and germination was significantly inhibited by 2-hexanone.

• Catalytic and protective enzyme activities were promoted by ketones with a concentration of less than 0.4 mg·cm−2.

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Li, M., Sun, K., Fang, Y. et al. Toxic effects of acetone, 2-pentanone, and 2-hexanone on physiological indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germination and seedlings. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 64552–64560 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15496-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15496-9

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