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Economic complexity, tourism, energy prices, and environmental degradation in the top economic complexity countries: fresh panel evidence

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Abstract

The study explores the association between economic complexity index (ECI), tourism (TR), gross domestic products (GDP), gross domestic products per capita (GPC), and energy prices indices (EPI) on CO2e using the top 18 economic complexity index countries data from 1990 to 2019. We employ the second-generation cointegration methods and cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) to analyze the short- and long-term association also Dumitrescu and Hurlin Granger causality test applied. The results of Pesaran and Yamagata slope heterogeneity and Pesaran CD test confirm the presence of cross-sectional unit relationship and slope heterogeneity across countries, while positive long- and short-term associations were found among ECI, GDP, and CO2e. Also, TR, GPC, and EPI decrease carbon emissions both in the long and short term . Moreover, Augmented Mean Group (AMG) techniques verified and support these findings. The outcomes of the Dumitrescu and Hurlin Granger causality test showed that any policy aim at ECI, TR, GDP, GPC, and EPI has a considerable impact on CO2e. Based on the rigorous empirical analysis, we suggest that economic complexity, tourism, GDP, GPC, and energy prices would help alleviate high economic complexity countries’ environmental degradation challenges.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Economics, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Baoshan Campus, Baoshan, District, Shanghai, 200444, China

    Kashif Raza Abbasi

  2. Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan

    Kashif Raza Abbasi

  3. SILC Business School, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, JiaDing Dist, 201899, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Kangjuan Lv

  4. Department of Finance, Accounting and Economics, University of Pitesti, Str. Targu din Vale, no.1, 110040, Pitesti, Arges, Romania

    Magdalena Radulescu

  5. Doctoral School of University “Lucian Blaga” Sibiu, Bd. Victoriei, no.10, 550024, Sibiu, Romania

    Magdalena Radulescu

  6. Department of Economics, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences (LUAWMS), Uthal, Lasbela, Balochistan, Pakistan

    Pervez Ahmed Shaikh

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  1. Kashif Raza Abbasi
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Contributions

K. R. A. (Abbasi) has contributed to idea conceptualization of the study, design, analysis, and conclusion; reviewed the edited manuscript; and approved the final submission. K. L. (Lv): supervision and conclusion, reviewed the edited manuscript, and approved submission. M. R. (Radulescu) conceptualized the study, software data curation, and literature search. P. A. S. (Shaikh): review and editing.

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Correspondence to Kashif Raza Abbasi or Kangjuan Lv.

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Abbasi, K.R., Lv, K., Radulescu, M. et al. Economic complexity, tourism, energy prices, and environmental degradation in the top economic complexity countries: fresh panel evidence. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 68717–68731 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15312-4

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