Abstract
Sulfur compound detection such as mercaptans in liquid fuels is undesirable because sulfur is the main sourcing emission of sulfur oxide (SOx) into the air. The use of activated carbon (AC) has proven to efficiently remove mercaptans. In the meantime, it is limited by the generation of the second pollution in oil and the difficulties of recovery and regeneration. A core-shell structured AC with high mechanical strength and big intra-particles space was synthesized and demonstrated to efficiently remove organic pollutants from an aqueous solution without the generation of the second pollution in our previous work. However, the performance and behaviors of mercaptans adsorption from gasoline oil by core-shell structured AC were still unclear. In this study, the mercaptans adsorption behaviors using core-shell powdered activated carbon (CSAC) and core-shell granulated activated carbon (CSGAC), along with raw PAC, PAC-core, raw GAC, and GAC-core, were carried out. The results showed that both the CSAC and CSGAC adsorbents effectively removed sulfur-based pollutants and were provided with good recovery and recyclability without second pollution in gasoline oil. The CSGAC exhibited a higher mercaptans removal efficiency compared to those of CSAC as a result of the bigger intra-particles space. PAC-based adsorbents presented the shrinking of removal efficiency after regeneration. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was dominated for mercaptans adsorption by both CSAC and CSGAC. The adsorption of ethanethiol on CSGAC was better fitted to the Freundlich model, 1-butanethiol adsorption by CSAC and CSGAC, and ethanethiol adsorption on CSAC which was dominated by Langmuir model.
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledged the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA23030301, XDA23020504), the Special Research Assistant Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Science and Technology Program of Xiamen (Grant No. 3502Z20203075, 3502Z20203074), as well as CAS-TWAS President’s Fellowship Program.
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This work was funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA23030301, XDA23020504), the Special Research Assistant Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Science and Technology Program of Xiamen (Grant No. 3502Z20203075, 3502Z20203074), as well as CAS-TWAS President’s Fellowship Program.
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Pamphile Ndagijimana’s contribution focused on doing the experiment and writing the manuscript. Xuejiao Liu contributed to guiding, revising the manuscript, and funding the work. Zhiwei Li, Zhenjiao Xing, Beibei Pan, and Guangwei Yu revised this manuscript. Yin Wang also contributed to guiding, revising the manuscript, and funding the work.
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Ndagijimana, P., Liu, X., Li, Z. et al. Adsorption performance and mechanisms of mercaptans removal from gasoline oil using core-shell AC-based adsorbents. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 67120–67136 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15075-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15075-y