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Histopathological alterations induced by marine environmental pollutants on the bivalve Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière 1789) from Temsah Lake, Suez Canal, Egypt

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Abstract

Bivalves are considered a main consumed matrix for coastal communities worldwide and classified as hyperaccumulators of pollutants. The present study aims to determine some micro-organisms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and okadaic acid (OA) levels in Cerastoderma glaucum collected from Temsah Lake, Egypt, and their induction through histopathological damage and caspase-3 protein expression. During the autumn, it was found different types of biological and chemical pollutants, especially benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) that accumulated in C. glaucum soft tissues and exceeded the safety limit for shellfish consumption. Dioxin-like PCB3 was predominant in C. glaucum soft tissues during autumn, but the total levels of PCBs in these tissues have not exceeded the permissible limit. Chlorophyll-a (Chl. a), nutrient concentrations, and Prorocentrum lima dinoflagellates in the water significantly increased during autumn. High P. lima abundance was confirmed by high OA in the soft tissues during this season compared to the other seasons. The measured contaminants may render C. glaucum more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The autumn season showed a significant increase in the colony-forming units (CFU). C. glaucum showed calcification abnormalities and adhering of abnormal brown organic material to the inner surface of the shell valves, which was related to poor water conditions and Vibrio infection. Damages or injuries on gills and digestive gland tissues indicated an impact of the pollutants on C. glaucum. Also, high expressions of caspase-3 were recorded in these tissues during all the seasons. So, C. glaucum cockles, collected from Temsah Lake, may induce serious diseases to consumers, especially when eaten raw or insufficient cooking.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Mohamed H. Mona & Nahla E. Omran

  2. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt

    Gihan M. El-Khodary, Karolin K. Abd El-Aziz & Salwa A. El-Saidy

  3. Mammalian & Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agriculural Pesticides Laboratory (CAPL), Agricultural Research Center (ARC),12618-Dokki, Giza, Egypt

    Khaled Y. Abdel-Halim

Authors
  1. Mohamed H. Mona
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  2. Gihan M. El-Khodary
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  3. Khaled Y. Abdel-Halim
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  4. Nahla E. Omran
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  5. Karolin K. Abd El-Aziz
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  6. Salwa A. El-Saidy
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Khaled Y. Abd El-Halim, and Salwa A. El-Saidy. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Salwa A. El-Saidy. Writing-review and editing were performed by Khaled Y. Abd El-Halim, Gihan M. El-Khodary, and Nahla E. Omran. Supervision was done by Mohamed H. Mona and Karolin K. Abd El-Aziz. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Khaled Y. Abdel-Halim.

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The experiments have been carried out in accordance with the European Ethical Guidelines (Directive 2010/63/EU, 2010).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Mona, .H., El-Khodary, G.M., Abdel-Halim, K.Y. et al. Histopathological alterations induced by marine environmental pollutants on the bivalve Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière 1789) from Temsah Lake, Suez Canal, Egypt. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 9971–9989 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14966-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14966-4

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