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Are photocatalytic processes effective for removal of airborne viruses from indoor air? A narrative review

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Abstract

A wide variety of methods have been applied in indoor air to reduce the microbial load and reduce the transmission rate of acute respiratory diseases to personnel in healthcare sittings. In recent months, with the occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic, the role of portable ventilation systems in reducing the load of virus in indoor air has received much attention. The present study delineates a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the available photocatalysis technologies that have been applied for inactivating and removing airborne viruses. The detection methods for identifying viral particles in air and the main mechanisms involving in virus inactivation during photocatalysis are described and discussed. The photocatalytic processes could effectively decrease the load of viruses in indoor air. However, a constant viral model may not be generalizable to other airborne viruses. In photocatalytic processes, temperature and humidity play a distinct role in the inactivation of viruses through changing photocatalytic rate. The main mechanisms for inactivation of airborne viruses in the photocatalytic processes included chemical oxidation by the reactive oxygen species (ROS), the toxicity of metal ions released from metal-containing photocatalysts, and morphological damage of viruses.

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Funding

This project was financially supported by the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Grant number: 9904102149).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Ali Poormohammadi

  2. Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Sciences & Technology Research Institute, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Saeid Bashirian

  3. Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Ali Reza Rahmani & Ghasem Azarian

  4. Nutrition Health Research Center, Health Sciences & Technology Research Institute, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Freshteh Mehri

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  1. Ali Poormohammadi
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  2. Saeid Bashirian
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Ali Poormohammadi: Conceptualization, supervision, writing—review and editing

Fereshteh Mehri: Writing—review and editing

Ghasem Azarian: Conceptualization, writing—review

Ali Reza Rahmani: Conceptualization, writing—original draft

Saed Bashirian: Conceptualization, supervision

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Correspondence to Ghasem Azarian or Freshteh Mehri.

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Poormohammadi, A., Bashirian, S., Rahmani, A.R. et al. Are photocatalytic processes effective for removal of airborne viruses from indoor air? A narrative review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 43007–43020 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14836-z

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