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Design of optimized PI controller for 7-level inverter: a new control strategy

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Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) system produces electricity that differs from variations in environmental parameters such as temperature and solar radiation. The PV network will operate at maximum power point (MPP) and deal with an ever-increasing energy demand, that changes from both load and weather conditions.” Moreover, energy storage devices could be a potential solution for improving the efficiency and performance of renewable energy sources (RES). This paper intends to establish a control design by an optimization-assisted PI controller for a 7-level inverter. Accordingly, the gains of PI controller are adjusted dynamically by FireFly Integrated-Sea Lion Optimization algorithm (FFI-SLnO) that integrates the concepts of both Sea Lion Optimization (SLnO) and FireFly algorithm (FF). The gains should be tuned such that the error among the reference signal and fault signal should be low and hence better dynamic performance can be obtained by the presented optimized PI controller. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is compared over other traditional models with respect to certain measures and its superiority is proved.

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Abbreviations

BA:

Bat algorithm

BSS:

Battery storage system

CDMs:

Clean development mechanisms

CPS:

Complex partial shading

DC:

Direct current

FF:

FireFly algorithm

FFI-SLnO:

Firefly Integrated-Sea Lion Optimization

FLC:

Fuzzy Logic Controller

FPGA:

Field Programmable Gate Array

GD-LU:

Grey Optimizer with Dragon Levy Update

HRES:

Hybrid renewable energy sources

MG:

Microgrid

MLI:

Multilevel inverter

MPP:

Maximum power point

MPPT:

Maximum power point tracking

MSFLA:

Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm

NN:

Neural network

P&O:

Perturb and observe

PV:

Photo voltaic

PWM:

Pulse width modulation

QOCGWO:

Quasi Oppositional Chaotic Grey Wolf Optimizer

RFA:

Random forest algorithm

RES:

Renewable energy sources

SC:

Super-capacitor

STD:

Standard deviation

SOFC:

Solid oxide fuel cell

SLnO:

Sea Lion Optimization

SPV:

Solar PV array

SSO:

Salp-Swarm Optimization

VSI:

Voltage source inverter

VWP:

Variable-weather-parameter

WECS:

Wind Energy Conversion Systems

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Noorul Islam Center for Higher Education, Thuckalai, Kumaracoil, Tamil Nadu, India

    Gayathri Devi Krishnan Nair Sulochana Thankachy & Sujatha Therese Paul Raj

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  1. Gayathri Devi Krishnan Nair Sulochana Thankachy
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  2. Sujatha Therese Paul Raj
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Contributions

Gayathri Devi K.S conceptualized and designed the study, reviewed identified articles to determine if they met defined study inclusion and exclusion criteria, critically reviewed the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted. Dr. P Sujatha Therese reviewed identified articles to determine if they met defined study inclusion and exclusion criteria, critically reviewed the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

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Correspondence to Gayathri Devi Krishnan Nair Sulochana Thankachy.

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Thankachy, G.D.K.N.S., Raj, S.T.P. Design of optimized PI controller for 7-level inverter: a new control strategy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 43786–43799 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14765-x

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