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Use of Lens culinaris Med test as environmental bioindicator to identify the cytogenotoxic effect of paraquat pesticide

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Abstract

Paraquat is the most widely used herbicide and the third most sold pesticide in the world, applied in more than 120 countries despite being banned in the European Union. It is a risk to ecosystems. The genotoxic effect of paraquat was evaluated using the Lens culinaris test. L. culinaris seeds were subjected to 6 concentrations of paraquat (0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.5, 2, and 3 ppm) plus a control (distilled water). During 72 h, root development was measured every 24 h. After 3 days, root apices were analyzed to obtain the inhibition of the mitotic index, as well as the type and rate of chromosomal abnormalities present. A decrease in root growth of more than 50% (72 h of exposure) and an inhibition of the mitotic index of 2.9 times in the treatment with 3 ppm compared to the control were observed. The 2 ppm concentration presented all the anomalies found with a frequency of 84 ± 2.5 of micronuclei, 106 ± 3.5 of nuclear lesions, 14 ± 4.7 of nucleus absence, 8 ± 2.7 of telophase bridges, 7 ± 2.7 of binucleated cells, among others. It is also recommended to establish comparisons of L. culinaris with multiple biomarkers since it is presented as a practical and economic alternative.

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The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy restrictions.

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This study was funded by the University Francisco de Paula Santander

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biología , Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander , Avenida Gran, Colombia No. 12E-96B Colsag , San José de Cúcuta , Colombia

    Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado

  2. Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística , Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander , San José , de Cúcuta, Colombia

    Jesús David Quintero Caleño

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  1. Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado
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  2. Jesús David Quintero Caleño
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Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado: methodology, writing, original draft preparation. Jesús David Quintero Caleño: supervision, conceptualization, investigation and data curation.

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Correspondence to Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado .

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Mercado , S.A.S., Caleño , J.D.Q. Use of Lens culinaris Med test as environmental bioindicator to identify the cytogenotoxic effect of paraquat pesticide. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 51321–51328 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14352-0

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