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Using textile industrial sludge, sewage wastewater, and sewage sludge as inoculum to degrade recalcitrant textile dyes in a co-composting process: an assessment of biodegradation efficiency and compost phytotoxicity

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Abstract

Recalcitrant dyes found in textile wastewater represent a threat for sustainable textile production due to their resistance to conventional treatments. This study assessed an alternative co-composting system for the treatment of recalcitrant textile dyes where textile industrial sludge, sewage wastewater, or sewage sludge were used as microbial compost inocula. The biodegradation efficiency of bioreactor trials and compost quality of the co-composting system were assessed by visible spectrophotometry and by a phytotoxicity test. The co-composting system (dry weight (dw) basis) consisted of 200 g of restaurant organic residues + 200 g sewage sludge (or 100 mL sewage wastewater, or 200 g textile sludge) + 100 mL of a 10% dye solution (Reactive Red 195, or Synolon Brown, or Orange Remazol, or Yellow Synozol, or Reactive Orange 122, or Reactive Black 5). After 60 days of composting, all dyes were biodegraded according to spectrophotometric data, with efficiency varying from 97.2 to 99.9%. Inoculum efficiency ranking was textile sludge > sewage sludge > sewage wastewater. Regarding compost quality, a phytotoxicity study with lettuce showed no toxicity effect. Thus, co-composting can be a low-cost and efficient method for recalcitrant textile dye biodegradation and for managing textile sludge in terms of waste recycling, contributing to environmental sustainability.

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The data sets used and/or analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

C. M. Radetski gratefully acknowledges financial support from Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Itajaí, Brazil) and a grant from CNPq-Brazil (Process 302124/2019-5). A. J. Feuzer-Matos and R. Ariente-Neto acknowledge Master and Post-Doctorate fellowships from CAPES–Brazil.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Remediação Ambiental, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, SC, 88302-202, Brazil

    Renan C. Testolin

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Rua Uruguai, 458, Itajaí, SC, 88302-202, Brazil

    Ana Júlia Feuzer-Matos & Claudemir M. Radetski

  3. Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000, Metz, France

    Sylvie Cotelle

  4. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali – Produzione, Università degli studi di Milano, Gruppo Ricicla labs., Territorio, Agroenergia (DiSAA), Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Fabrizio Adani

  5. Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

    Leandro Janke

  6. Curso de Geografia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Av. Madre Benvenuta, 2007, Florianópolis, SC, 88035-001, Brazil

    Gabriel Poyer-Radetski

  7. Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Campus Araquari, Curso de Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologia e Ambiente, Rodovia BR 280, Km 27, Araquari, SC, 89245-000, Brazil

    Antonio C. Pereira, Cleder A. Somensi & Claudemir M. Radetski

  8. Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Campus Luzerna, Av. Frei João, 550, Luzerna, SC, 89609-000, Brazil

    Rafael Ariente-Neto

Authors
  1. Renan C. Testolin
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  2. Ana Júlia Feuzer-Matos
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  3. Sylvie Cotelle
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  4. Fabrizio Adani
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  5. Leandro Janke
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  6. Gabriel Poyer-Radetski
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  7. Antonio C. Pereira
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  8. Rafael Ariente-Neto
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  9. Cleder A. Somensi
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  10. Claudemir M. Radetski
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Contributions

R. C. Testolin: Formal analysis, investigation; A. J. Feuzer-Matos: investigation, methodology; S. Cotelle: methodology, validation; F. Adani: conceptualization, data curation; A. C. Pereira: investigation; L. Janke: methodology, formal analysis; G. Poyer-Radetski: resources, formal analysis; C. A. Somensi: writing—reviewing and editing; project administration; R. Ariente-Neto: formal analysis, methodology; C. M. Radetski: conceptualization, supervision.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Cleder A. Somensi or Claudemir M. Radetski.

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Testolin, R.C., Feuzer-Matos, A.J., Cotelle, S. et al. Using textile industrial sludge, sewage wastewater, and sewage sludge as inoculum to degrade recalcitrant textile dyes in a co-composting process: an assessment of biodegradation efficiency and compost phytotoxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 49642–49650 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14211-y

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