Globalization, renewable energy consumption, and agricultural production impacts on ecological footprint in emerging countries: using quantile regression approach

Salari, Taghi Ebrahimi; Roumiani, Ahmad; Kazemzadeh, Emad

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14204-x

Research Article
Published: 03 May 2021

Globalization, renewable energy consumption, and agricultural production impacts on ecological footprint in emerging countries: using quantile regression approach

Taghi Ebrahimi Salari¹,
Ahmad Roumiani² &
Emad Kazemzadeh¹

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 28, pages 49627–49641 (2021)Cite this article

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Abstract

Nowadays, paying attention to globalization and the consumption of renewable energy on the ecological footprint is one of the most important issues in the world. In the age of globalization, all countries are trying to prevent the spread of ecological degradation by enacting laws and regulations at the national level and regulating international agreements. This study investigates the effect of explanatory variables of globalization, renewable energy consumption, and agricultural production on the ecological footprint in emerging countries using fixed-effect panel quantile regression of 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th in the period 2002 to 2016. The results showed that the consumption of renewable energy at all levels except the 25th quantile has a positive and significant effect on the ecological footprint; this effect is more in higher quantiles. Globalization in all quantiles has a negative and significant impact on the ecological footprint and has had the most excellent effect among other explanatory variables. Agricultural production variable at the 25th and 50th quantile levels had the most significant and positive effect on the ecological footprint. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increase in agricultural production, income, renewable energy consumption, population, and trade openness can lead to increased environmental degradation. However, the effects of globalization have had the most negligible negative impact on the ecological footprint.

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Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O: Box, Mashhad, 91735, Iran
Taghi Ebrahimi Salari & Emad Kazemzadeh
Department of Geography, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Ahmad Roumiani

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Taghi Ebrahimi Salari
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T.E.S., A.R., and E.K. drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript

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Salari, T.E., Roumiani, A. & Kazemzadeh, E. Globalization, renewable energy consumption, and agricultural production impacts on ecological footprint in emerging countries: using quantile regression approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 49627–49641 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14204-x

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Received: 08 December 2020
Accepted: 27 April 2021
Published: 03 May 2021
Issue Date: September 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14204-x

Keywords

Renewable energy
Environmental degradation
Agriculture
Quantile regression
Responsible Editor: Nicholas Apergis