Abstract
The double glass cover analysis of a solar box cooker has been implemented in an internal heat transfer using MoS2–Fe2O3–Cr2O3 nanomaterials. A nanocomposite material’s essential role is its higher surface/volume ratio which agrees in small area size of a high ductility without strength loss and an enhanced optical property. The nanocomposite materials have an average particle size of 0.2 - 0.5 μm. Compared to the overall thermal energy efficiency of the solar cookers used, the samples with and without this study’s modification are 56.21–31.77% and 33.90–24.90%. The design used nanomaterials’ performance with and without coating materials achieved by the bar plate temperature of about 163.74 °C and 113.34 °C below solar radiation of 1037W/m2. The simulation model is conducted on the fuzzy intelligent logic and Cramer’s rules. It agreed with the experimental results by 91%.
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Availability of data and materials
The designed solar cooker and data of results of characterization are available.
Abbreviations
- A:
-
Inside heat air of the system (m2)
- m:
-
Mass of the cooker (kg)
- S p :
-
Specific heat of the cooker (kJ/kg K)
- Sc:
-
Solar cooker (vessel) (kg)
- α sc :
-
Absorptivity of the solar cooker in the system (°C)
- q:
-
Heat transfer rate of the cooker (W/m2)
- c:
-
Convective heat transfer coefficient (W/m2)
- R:
-
Reflector of the radiation temperature (W/m2)
- Gc1:
-
Glass cover 1 of the systems (°C)
- Gc2:
-
Glass cover 2 of the systems (°C)
- r:
-
Radiative heat transfer coefficient (W/m2)
- C a :
-
Cooker area (vessel pots) (m2)
- q c :
-
Convective heat transfer coefficient (W/m2)
- q r :
-
Radiative heat transfer coefficient (W/m2)
- q c. sc − A :
-
Heat transfer convective rate of the cooker-to-cooker area (W/m2)
- q R. sc − Gc1 :
-
Heat transfer from reflective heat in solar cooker to glass cover 1 (W/m2)
- q c. a − Gc1 :
-
Heat transfer from convective air to glass cover 1 (W/m2)
- q r. sc − Gc1 :
-
Heat transfer from reactive in solar cooker to glass cover 1 (W/m2)
- q R. bp − Gc1 :
-
Heat transfer from reflective heat in bar plate to glass cover 1 (W/m2)
- q R. Hs bp − Gc1 :
-
Heat transfer from reflective solar irradiation in bar plate to glass cover 1 (W/m2)
- H s :
-
Solar irradiation (W/m2)
- T g :
-
Glass cover temperature (°C)
- T a :
-
Ambient temperature (°C)
- T sky :
-
Sky temperature (°C)
- T bp :
-
Bar plate temperature (°C)
- T swp :
-
Side wall plate temperature of the system (°C)
- q r. Gc1 − sc− :
-
Heat transfer from radiative in glass cover 1 to solar cooker (°C)
- ρ g :
-
Partial glass cover temperature (°C)
- b po :
-
Optical efficiency of bar plate temperature (°C)
- T fw :
-
Fluid water temperature (°C)
- T wi :
-
Initial water temperature (°C)
- dt:
-
Gain to energy for bar plate taken time derivative (S)
- C pi :
-
Solar cooking for power intervals (°C)
- T f :
-
Cooking final temperature (°C)
- T i :
-
Cooking initial temperature (°C)
- m w :
-
Mass of water use cooking pot (kg)
- S pw :
-
Specific heat of water (kJ/kg K)
- α bp :
-
Absorptivity of the bar plate
- α g1,2 :
-
Absorptivity of glass cover (1,2)
- α v :
-
Absorptivity of the vessel
- τ bp :
-
Transmissivity of the bar plate
- τ f :
-
Transmissivity of the fluid
- τ v :
-
Effective transmittance of the vessel
- ρ g :
-
Density of the glass cover
- ρ scf :
-
Density of the solar cooking materials fluid
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Funding
The authors would like to say thanks a lot to the Department of Science and Technology (DST, Delhi), of the Government of India for the award of DST-FIRST Level-1(SR/FST/PS-1/2018/35) scheme to the Department of Physics. Appreciations are also due to the KLEF for offering infrastructure, facilities, basic fund (Perform basic instruments), and support to the current investigation.
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Ms Sundararajan Bhavani Synthesis of experimental work design and characterization of solar cooker
Dr Sengottaiyan Shanmugan Analysis of results, writing the manuscript, and reviewing and editing the paper
Dr Venkatesan Chithambaram Data validation and editing of the manuscript
Dr. Fadl Abdelmonem Elsayed Essa Analysis of the results
Dr. Abd-Elnaby Kabeel Editing the paper
Dr. Periyasami Selvaraju Data validation and editing of the manuscript
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Bhavani, S., Shanmugan, S., Chithambaram, V. et al. Simulation study on thermal performance of a Solar box Cooker using nanocomposite for natural Food invention. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 50649–50667 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14194-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14194-w