Abstract
The acid-mediated (oxalic acid [OXA], cinnamic acid [CA], and itaconic acid [IA]) SnO2 nanorods were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The synthesized SnO2 nanorods, in turn, were analyzed with various physico-chemical techniques such as the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the different SnO2 nanorods was investigated with the malachite green (MG) dye under visible light illumination. The OXA-SnO2 nanorods displayed an excellent degradation performance with observed value at 91% and it was compared to CA and IA-SnO2 nanomaterials. This tetragonal phase was identified and confirmed by XRD studies. In this regards, obtained band gap energy is low then optimally performed to the photocatalytic evolution. The OXA-SnO2 materials were tested for antibacterial and antifungal studies; this was as shown in good biological activities with admire to the different bacterial strains. The Candida albicans (antifungal) and Enterococcus faecalis (Gram-positive) bacteria were not affected in the microbial studies.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are indebted to the Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, for all the valuable support and needful facilities.
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The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research & Innovation, “Ministry of Education” in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number IFKSURG-1439-085.
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GG and VKY investigated the samples XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, DRS UV-Vis spectroscopy, and SEM. KKY, KR, and JA interpreted their results. AK, FAAA, and MA critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors equally contributed to prepare the original draft of the manuscript.
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Gnanamoorthy, G., Yadav, V.K., Yadav, K.K. et al. Fabrication of different SnO2 nanorods for enhanced photocatalytic degradation and antibacterial activity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 71574–71584 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13627-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13627-w