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Nexus on climate change: agriculture and possible solution to cope future climate change stresses

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 28, pages 14211–14232 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

The changing climate scenarios harshen the biotic stresses including boosting up the population of insect/pest and disease, uplifting weed growth, declining soil beneficial microbes, threaten pollinator, and boosting up abiotic stresses including harsh drought/waterlogging, extremisms in temperature, salinity/alkalinity, abrupt rainfall pattern)) and ulitamtely  affect the plant in multiple ways. This nexus review paper will cover four significant points viz (1) the possible impacts of climate change; as the world already facing the problem of food security, in such crucial period, climatic change severely affects all four dimensions of food security (from production to consumption) and will lead to malnutrition/malnourishment faced by low-income peoples. (2) How some major crops (wheat, cotton, rice, maize, and sugarcane) are affected by stress and their consequent loss. (3) How to develop a strategic work to limit crucial factors, like their significant role in climate-smart breeding, developing resilience to stresses, and idiotypic breeding. Additionally, there is an essence of improving food security, as much of our food is wasted before consumption for instance post-harvest losses. (4) Role of biotechnology and genetic engineering in adaptive introgression of the gene or developing plant transgenic against pests. As millions of dollars are invested in innovation and research to cope with future climate change stresses on a plant, hence community base adaptation of innovation is also considered an important factor in crop improvements. Because of such crucial predictions about the future impacts of climate change on agriculture, we must adopt measures to evolve crop.

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Acknowledgements

Authors enhance gratitude to the Institute of Plant breeding and genetics, University of Agriculture, Pakistan, and the Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, China, for their scientific and learning contributions.

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  1. Aqeel Shahzad and Sana Ullah contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant breeding and genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Aqeel Shahzad & Sana Ullah

  2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and technology, Xi’an, China

    Afzal Ahmed Dar & Muhammad Haris

  3. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China

    Muhammad Fahad Sardar

  4. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China

    Tariq Mehmood

  5. Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Muhammad Aammar Tufail

  6. Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain

    Awais Shakoor

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  1. Aqeel Shahzad
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Contributions

Aqeel and Sana Ullah helped in the layout and in data collection and in the initial draft; Tariq, Muhammad Haris, and Muhammad Fahad helped in data collection, systematic layout, data, extraction, and analysis, while Aammar, Awais, and Afzal helped in the final draft, nexus, revision, and proofreading.

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Correspondence to Afzal Ahmed Dar.

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Shahzad, A., Ullah, S., Dar, A.A. et al. Nexus on climate change: agriculture and possible solution to cope future climate change stresses. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 14211–14232 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12649-8

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