Abstract
Fluoride can cause some diseases to humans when ingested in large quantities and for a long time. Due to this, it is necessary to remove or reduce the amount of fluoride in effluents before release into the water bodies. This work aimed to evaluate the ability of hydrocalumites synthesized by two different methodologies and calcined hydrocalumite in reducing the content of fluoride in aqueous solutions. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), N2 physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The removal capacity of fluoride ions ranged from 14.9 to 189.6 mg F− g−1. The removal mechanisms by hydrocalumites were ion exchange and adsorption at low concentrations, while at high concentrations were adsorption and precipitation of calcium fluoride. In relation to the use of calcined hydrocalumite, the removal mechanisms were ion exchange and reconstruction of structure (memory effect) in low concentrations. By the adsorption tests, it was observed that the results fit better the Langmuir isotherm model.
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The authors thank Greentec/EQ/UFRJ for N2 adsorption analyses.
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The authors thank CNPq, CAPES, and FAPERJ for financial support granted to carry out this work.
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R.D.A. performed all experiments, analyzed data, and wrote the manuscript, J.C.C. and M.M.V.M.S. supervised experiments, contributed to data interpretation and co-wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Almeida, R.D., Campos, J.C. & Souza, M.M. Synthesis and characterization of hydrocalumite for removal of fluoride from aqueous solutions. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 22439–22457 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12307-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12307-5