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Atmospheric fallout of radionuclides in peat bogs in the Western Segment of the Russian Arctic

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Abstract

This article presents the results of studies of the activity of radionuclides in peat-bog profiles of the European subarctic of Russia. Two peat profiles were collected in different areas of the Arkhangelsk region. The peat cores were used to determine 210Pb, 137Cs, 241Am, 239Pu, 240Pu, 238U, and 234U content. To estimate the relationship between radionuclide activity and physicochemical parameters of peat, the content of organic matter, water-soluble salts, carbonates and ash, and the pH of aqueous and salt extracts were studied. Radionuclide activity concentrations in peat samples were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), low-background semiconductor gamma spectrometry with a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector, and alpha spectrometry. The 210Pb chronology of peat cores was studied using a constant flow model based on the Monte Carlo simulation method. Comparison of 210Pb dating data showed that the position of the maximum activity peaks of anthropogenic radionuclides shifted along the peat profile. This is probably due to the relative mobility of different radionuclides in the peat massif. Measurement of the atomic ratio 240Pu/239Pu showed that the main sources of pollution in the peatlands of the European subarctic of Russia are global fallout from atmospheric tests from the 1950s through 1980 and fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986. This study shows that a complex of radioactive isotopes in peat deposits can provide valuable information on the environmental pollution loads of subarctic territories.

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Funding

The study was funded by RFBR and BRFBR according to the research project No. 19-55-04001 and also as a part of the RFBR grants No. 18-05-60151 and No. 20-35-70060.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. N. Laverov Federal Centre for Integrated Arctic Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 109 Severnoj Dviny Emb., Arkhangelsk, Russia, 163000

    Evgeny Yakovlev, Sergey Druzhinin, Alina Ocheretenko & Anna Druzhinina

  2. Institute of Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 4 Feduninskogo st., Gomel, 246007, Republic of Belarus

    Ruslan Spirov, Egor Mishchenko & Evgeniya Zhukovskaya

Authors
  1. Evgeny Yakovlev
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  2. Ruslan Spirov
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  3. Sergey Druzhinin
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  4. Alina Ocheretenko
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  5. Anna Druzhinina
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  6. Egor Mishchenko
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  7. Evgeniya Zhukovskaya
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization, validation, and writing—original draft preparation were performed by Evgeny Yakovlev and Ruslan Spirov. Methodology was performed by Evgeny Yakovlev, Alina Ocheretenko, and Ruslan Spirov. Formal analysis and investigation were performed by Evgeny Yakovlev, Alina Ocheretenko, Ruslan Spirov, Sergey Druzhinin, Anna Druzhinina, Egor Mishchenko, Evgeniya Zhukovskaya. Writing—review and editing were performed by Evgeny Yakovlev and Alina Ocheretenko. Funding acquisition were performed by Evgeny Yakovlev. Project administration and resources were performed by Evgeny Yakovlev and Ruslan Spirov. Supervision and visualization were performed by Evgeny Yakovlev. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Evgeny Yakovlev.

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The locations of material collected here are neither privately owned lands nor protected areas. No specific permits were required for our research.

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Responsible editor: Georg Steinhauser

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Yakovlev, E., Spirov, R., Druzhinin, S. et al. Atmospheric fallout of radionuclides in peat bogs in the Western Segment of the Russian Arctic. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 25460–25478 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12224-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12224-7

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