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Cadmium accumulation and physiological response of Amaranthus tricolor L. under soil and atmospheric stresses

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 28, pages 14041–14053 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

In this study, cadmium (Cd) solution spraying and Cd-contaminated soil pot experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of Cd from atmospheric deposition and soil on the growth, cumulative distribution, chemical morphology, physiological, and biochemical responses of Amaranthus tricolor L. The results indicated that Cd in plants mainly came from soil (92–98%) and was stored in the roots in large quantities while the portion from atmospheric deposition could also effectively increase Cd content in stems and leaves (2–3%). Cd was mainly stored in plant cell walls and would transfer to the soluble part under high-concentration soil stress Cd from atmospheric deposition alone promoted the growth of plants, but high Cd concentrations from soil had the negative influence. The contents of H2O2 and MDA in plants increased under soil and atmospheric Cd stress, indicating that the plant cells were damaged by oxidative stress. The content of antioxidant enzymes such as POD, CAT, SOD, and antioxidants like AsA and GSH increased under low-concentration Cd stress but decreased under elevated stress, suggesting that high Cd-contaminated soil poses severe toxicity on the antioxidant system of the plants. Hence, the accumulation and physiological response of plants under multi-source Cd contamination were mainly affected by high soil Cd concentrations. Though the effect of atmospheric deposition is relatively less, it cannot be ignored.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article (and its supplementary information files).

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Funding

This work was supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2019B110207001).

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Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China

    Chufan Liu, Rongbo Xiao, Weijie Dai & Fei Huang

  2. Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA

    Xiaojun Yang

Authors
  1. Chufan Liu
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  2. Rongbo Xiao
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  3. Weijie Dai
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  4. Fei Huang
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  5. Xiaojun Yang
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Contributions

Chufan Liu performed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. Weijie Dai computed and analyzed data. Rongbo Xiao, Fei Huang, and Xiaojun Yang have supervised the project and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Rongbo Xiao.

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Liu, C., Xiao, R., Dai, W. et al. Cadmium accumulation and physiological response of Amaranthus tricolor L. under soil and atmospheric stresses. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 14041–14053 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11569-3

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Keywords

  • Amaranthus tricolor L.
  • Cadmium
  • Chemical form
  • Physiological response
  • Soil and atmospheric co-stress
  • Subcellular distribution