Abstract
The contamination of terrestrial environments by oil spills creates biological risks to humans and affects the ecosystem’s health. The studies that aim to evaluate the toxicity and changes in the environments are a field of potential interest to the scientific community. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the chemical composition of crude oil fractions after the simulation of a spill in soil and sand, with emphasis on an immediate temporal investigation. Samples of intermediate (°API = 27.0) and heavy (°API = 20.9) oils from Sergipe-Alagoas basin were used. The evaporation process in the soil was highlighted; while the GC-FID chromatographic profiles demonstrated (1) the disappearance from n-C12 until n-C14 compounds, besides a decrease of more than 50% in n-C15 and n-C16 n-alkanes and (2) no changes in n-C17/Pr and n-C18/Ph ratios for both oils. Analysis of resins fraction performed by Orbitrap-MS has shown changes in the mass spectra profile and compound distribution during the soil and sand exposure process, with N1, O1, and O2 species showing changes in the relative abundance in ESI(+) mode, and O2, N1, and O1 for ESI(−). Changes in polar compounds of oil will depend on the extent of the time of interaction with soil and sand, taking into account intrinsic aspects, such as the nature of the soil and components in it as the organic matter.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during the current study are available in the Federal University of Sergipe repository at https://ri.ufs.br/bitstream/riufs/11892/2/JULIAN_EDUARDO_BALLEN_CASTIBLANCO.pdf.The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Educational Personal) and CNPq (Brazilian National Research Council) for fellowships and CLQM (Center of Multi-users Chemistry Laboratories, Federal University of Sergipe) for analytical assistance.
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Julian Eduardo Ballen Castiblanco performed the experiments and analysis, performed the interpretation of the results, and wrote and organized the article. Jhonattas de Carvalho Carregosa contributed to the experimental design and contributed to the interpretation of the results. Jandyson Machado Santos: project cosupervision and contributed with analysis tools, and contributed to the interpretation of the results, and contributed with critical revision of the manuscript. Alberto Wisniewski Jr.: project coordinator; conceived and designed the analyses; contributed for data analysis; contributed to the final version of the manuscript.
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Castiblanco, J.E.B., Carregosa, J.C., Santos, J.M. et al. Molecular behavior assessment on initial stages of oil spill in terrestrial environments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 13595–13604 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11555-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11555-9