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The role of natural resources, globalization, and renewable energy in testing the EKC hypothesis in MINT countries: new evidence from Method of Moments Quantile Regression approach

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Abstract

We employ the new Method of Moments Quantile Regression approach to expose the role of natural resources, renewable energy, and globalization in testing Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) in MINT panel covering the years 1995–2018. The outcome validates the EKC curve between economic progress and carbon emissions from the third quantile to the extreme highest quantile. The result also shows that natural resources increase CO2 emissions at the lowest quantile and then turn insignificant from the middle to the highest quantiles due to the potential utilization of resources in a sustainable manner. The renewable energy mitigates CO2 emissions at the lower half quantiles. Still, for upper quantiles, the results are unexpected and imply that the countries’ total energy mix depends heavily on fossil fuels. As far as globalization is concerned, the significant results from medium to upper quantiles reveal that as globalization heightens due to foreign direct investment or trade, energy consumption also expands, leading to the worst environment quality. Thus, the present study’s consequences deliver guidelines for policymakers to utilize natural resources sustainably and opt technologies based on clean energy, which may offset environmental degeneration.

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Notes

  1. The data used in this study can be provided upon request to the corresponding author of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China

    Noshaba Aziz

  2. Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Changlun, Malaysia

    Arshian Sharif

  3. Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan

    Arshian Sharif

  4. School of Economics, Shandong University, Jinan, China

    Ali Raza

  5. Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Kittisak Jermsittiparsert

  6. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Kittisak Jermsittiparsert

Authors
  1. Noshaba Aziz
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  2. Arshian Sharif
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  3. Ali Raza
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  4. Kittisak Jermsittiparsert
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Contributions

Noshaba Aziz: conceptualization, writing – original draft

Arshian Sharif: writing methodology and data analysis

Ali Raza: writing – original draft

Kittisak Jermsittiparsert: writing – review and editing

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kittisak Jermsittiparsert.

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Aziz, N., Sharif, A., Raza, A. et al. The role of natural resources, globalization, and renewable energy in testing the EKC hypothesis in MINT countries: new evidence from Method of Moments Quantile Regression approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 13454–13468 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11540-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11540-2

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